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A  UTHOR : 


HODGMAN,  ARTHUR  W 


TITLE: 


VERB  FORMS 
IN  PLAUTUS 

PLACE: 

[BOSTON] 

DA  TE : 

[1 907] 


•.I 


COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY  LIBRARIES 
PRESERVATION  DEPARTMENT 

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THE  CLASSICAL 

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VERB  Forms  in  Plavtvs  (concluded)      Arthur  Winfred  Hodgman  97 

The  Homeridae , T.  W.  Allen  135 

On  Four  Passages  of  Pindar .'  .    .  H.  W.  Garrod  144 

I^vciLiANA  (concluded^ A.  E.  Housman  148 

Further  Notes  on  the  Greek  Comic  Fragments  (concluded)  Herbert  Richards  160 

On  the  Classification  of  Roman  Allies Louise  E.  Matthaei  18 j 

Ad  Senecae  Epistvlas  Morales A.  J.  Kronenberg  205 

Further  Notes  on  Lucan  VIII J.  P.  Postgate  216 

Caesar  at  the  Rubicon Tenney  Frank  223 

On  the  Costume  of  the  Greek  Tragic  Actor  in  the  Fifth  Century  b.c. 

James  Turney  Allen  226 

REVIEWS.  •  ^ 

Vattasso's  Uncial  Fragments  of  Livy W.  C.  F.  Walters    229 

LiNDBLOM    ON   SiLIVS    ItALICVS WALTER   C    SUMMERS      23 1 

Commentationes  Philologae  Ienenses R.  G.  Bury    234 

RODOCANACHl'S   *  ROMAN   CaPITOL  *        ThOMAS   AsHBY      237 

American  Doctoral  Dissertations  in  Classical  Philology 

W.  A.  Heidel    241 

UMMARIES  OF  PERIODICALS. 

General , 249 

Archaeological 253 

Numismatic " 254 

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VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS. 

This  account  of  tiic  verb  forms  in  Plautus  proceeds  in  the  same  direction 
as  my  earlier  papers  on  noun,  adjectival,  and  adverbial  forms  {Classical  Review, 

July,  .December,'  ifot,  |»%  1903).  I  feel  strongly  ■fhit  something  is  needed 
on  Plauiiic  ferms  tiat  sball  be  more  complete  and  accurate  than  anything 
that  yet  exists.  The  statements  that  one  meets  with,  that  this  or  that  form 
IS  "comaiJi:*  Of'  ••regiibr,-1a  Plautus,  are  frcqiewtly  misleading,  or  even  incorrect, 
and  a«e  «suafly  unsatisfying.  I  do  not  think  it  is  of  much  import  whether 
a  word  occurs  fifty  times  or  fifty-five,  but  it  often  is  important  to  know  whether  | 
it  occurs  filly  titocs,:  »•  |i«,  or  once,. «  not  at.  all  • 

As  my  examination  has  advanced.  I  bave  gained  an  increasing  respect 
for  manuscript  tradition,  a  growing  belief  that  the  irregularities  are,  after  all, 
m  a  certain  sense  regular.  The  whole  systeiii  of  inflexion— and,  I  suspect, 
of  syntax  also  and  of  versification— was  less  fixed  and  stable  in  Plautus'  time 
than  it  became  later,  and  yet  we  cannot  deny  the  reigii  <?f  law  therein  to  a 
large  extent.  I  look,  therefor^  «pop  the  lung  lists  of  variations  to  be  noted  in 
§§  45»  46,  58  vi*  if  indicative,  not  of  the  carelessness  of  the  copyists,  but 
rather  of  the  real  state  of  the  language  as  Plautus  knew  it  and  used  it. 

PmiSKHT  Indicative. 

§  1. -^Second  Person  Singular,  Passive, 

-ft  at  vs.  or  colon  end 

•  •  • 

»re  before  consonants 

•  •  •  » 

-IIP  before  vowels 


94 
63 


Jlii  'lliiiir%vLli 


20s 


Neue  gives  only  about    170,  and    lists    reuJrt^rels,  Men.   256,  as    present- 
passive,  instead  of  future  perfect  active.  *        ^  1 

-ris  at  vs.  or  colon  end g 

-m  elsewhere,  not  required  by  metre  .  .  13  (^) 
-ris,  accented,  before  consonants  .  .  .  4  (M 
-ris  before  vowels /^v  \ 


^o^^^ 29 

Among  those  marked  («),  note  Am.  344,  meutMs  mine,  at  the  end  of  a 
trochaic  septenarius.  Five  show  -m  standing  in  the  weak  part  of  the  third 
foot  of  an  iambic  senarius-that  is,  just  before  the  main  caesura  •  but 
probably    no  significance    is   to    be    attached    to    the    fact.      Two    prevent    a 


I'll 


n  ■ 


."J 


lli. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS  43 

verse  from  ending  with  two  iambi  (Cure.  200,  Mil.  505).      The  other  five  occur 
in  various  other  places  in  the  verse,  and  seem  to  show  no  points  in  common. 

Those  marked  (3)  are  :^- 

As.  611,  minitaris  mihi,  iamb,  septen. 
234 

Capt.  963,  minitaris  mihi,  troch.  septen. 
678 

Ps.  237,  praeuortaris  qiiam,  anap.  septen. 

3        4 

Trin.  prol.  i^fungaris  tuSm^  iamb.  sen. 

4  5  6 

Those  marked  (c)  are  : — 

Am.  369,  mentiris  itiam^  troch.  septen. 

2      3 

Mil.  II 7 1,  reueredris  //,  troch.  septen. 

5*7 

Pers.  744,  Idmenteris.     ^     Occidi,  iamb.  sen. 
34  56 

Poen.  1088,  uteris  lU^  iamb.  sen. 

a         3 

Out  of  234  instances,  therefore,  only  29  end  in  -ris,  and  of  these  only  8 
must  so  end.     Interrogative  forms  in  -in  are  not  included  in  these  figures. 

In  Cure.  40,  41,  the  joke  depends  upon  the  termination  -re\  Phaedromus 
uses  obloqiiere  as  an  indicative,  but  Palinurus  chooses  to  understand  it  as  an 
imperative.     Compare  the  assonance  in  Most.  5 1  : — 

Quasi  inuidere  ;;/////  hoc  uidere,  Gruniio. 

The  two  endings  are  thus  distributed  among  the  tenses  : — 


-re 

-rts 

Present  indicative   . 

132 

21 

Imperfect  indicative 

.    Ps.  798 

Future  indicative    . 

28 

Poen.  1088 

Present  subjunctive 

43 

7 

Imperfect  subjunctive     . 

.    Ps.  1236 

205 


They  are  thus  distributed  among  the  conjugations  :- 

-re 


29 


-rw 


First,  passive     . 

12 

deponent 

.        .        .        78 

16 

Second,  passive 

12 

deponent 

.        .        .        15 

I 

Third,  passive    . 

.       .        IS 

I 

deponent    *   . 

.       .       61 

8 

Fourth,  passive 

I 

deponent 

II 

3 

205 


29 


44 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


These  figures  show  that  the  statements  made  in  Madvig's  Grammar,  §  114,  b 
certainly  do  not  all  hold  good  for  Plautus.  Of  the  words  occurring  most 
frequently,  we  may  notice  arbitrare,  10 ;  fabtdare,  9 ;  morare^  7  ;  uidere^  9 ;  loquere 
and  compounds,  30 ;  loqueris^  4  ;  mentire^  4 ;  mentiris^  3. 

§  2. — Miscellaneous  Present  Forms, 
coiptS,  Men.  960  (Nonius). 

7      8 

coepit,  Aul.  461,  Merc.  250.     Cf.  True.  232,  and  Pers.  121. 

concrMiid,  Aul.  585  ;  cf.  Cas.  479. 

5     6 
interduOy  Frag.  Fab.  Inc.  2  (Varro). 

d&nunt,  at  vs.  end,  10 ;  med.  vs.,  Pers.  256,  Ps.  j^j. 

dicesy  Trin.  606,  is  probably  future,  and  not  present  as  the  context  would 
seem  to  demand. 

pudeo,  Cas.  ^TJ ;  taedeo,  Cas.  frag.  (Cledonius). 

sustollo  is  found  in  the  present  system  in  Cist.  115,  Poen.  349,  Mil.  310, 
Cist.  550,  Poen.  1 168  ;  the  perfect  forms  sustuli,  etc.,  9  times. 

t&go,  Mil.  1092  (Bothe) ;  cf.  attigas,  etc.,  §  24. 

A  verb  tulo  is  attested  by  Diomedes,  who  quotes  the  form  absttdas  as 
occurring  in  the  Rudens ;  see  §  25,  ad.  fin. 

Imperfect  iNDiCATift. 

§  3. — ^Aibam  or  aicbam  } 
exaudibam,  E.  239  (B). 

scibaniy  shown  by  MSS.,  5  ;  by  metre  only,  2. 
at[  Y^as,  7,  shown  by  metre  only. 

aiebas,  7. 
nesc^  ]bas,  B.  676  (Guyet). 
sdbas,  Aul.  754  (MSS.),  Ps.  500  (MSS.). 
sendl  ]bas,  Capt.  247  (Pylades). 
al[]bat,  15,  shown  by  metre  only. 

aiebaty  16. 
croccibai,  Aul.  625  {-ibat  MSS.). 
praesagibat,  Aul  178  (MSS.). 
scibaty  Am.  prol.  22  (B). 

aiebatis,  Capt.  6^6 ;  the  short  form  is  not  found  in  Plautus. 
scibatis,  R.  378  (MSS.). 
ai[]banty  shown  by  metre  only,  Merc.  635,  Mil.  66, 

aiebanty  6. 
gesttbant.  As.  315  (MSS.). 

The  manuscripts  show  13  of  these  41  short  forms,  and  metre  alone  proves 
the  remaining  28.  Of  the  verb  aio^  the  short  forms  of  the  imperfect  occur 
24  times,  the  full  forms  30  times. 


itilii&jii. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


45 


Future  Indicative. 

§  4- — Future  in  -bo. 
(i)  Active,  39  instances  :— 
aperiboy  True.  767,. 

aperiam,  Men.  738. 
communiboy  R.  934,  a, 
conueniboy  Cas.  548. 

conueniaiHy  7. 
dortnibo,  Trin.  726. 

dormiam.  Most.  344. 
expedibo,  True.  138. 

expediam,  Am.  912. 
grandibo,  Aul.  49. 
nescibo,  Capt.  265. 
r^ddtbd,  Cas.  129  (Nonius). 

5  6 

reddibo,  Men.  1038  {reddebo  B,  redhibeo  C),  Nonius. 
reddm,  Vid.  97  (93),  Nonius,  Priscian. 

7  8 

reddam,  18. 
sciboy  7. 

sciam,  8. 
seruibo.  Men.  iioi,  Merc.  546. 

seruies,  Pers.  617. 
subuenibo.  Men.  1009. 

ueniam,  etc.,  at  least  ^w^  times. 
audibis,  Capt.  619,  Poen.  310. 

aiidieSy  5. 
inseruibis.  Most.  2i6. 
scibis,  8. 

scies,  23  at  vs.  end  ;  med.  vs.,  7. 
<c>ibi<it>,  R.  I  loi  (Acidalius). 

conciety  Am.  476. 
saeuibity  E.  658. 
scibity  E.  73,  1 54,  Mil.  860. 

sdety  four  times  at  vs.  end. 
seruibity  Pers.  62^, 

sdbtniiiSy  Merc.  1017. 

7  8  /  - 

scietisy  Mil.  794. 
scibunty  Poen.  462. 

sciMt,  Am.  473. 

6 


46  ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 

(ii)  Passive,  13  instances: — 

C6ngrediar.     #     Contra  ddgredfbor,  Pers.  15  (A). 

adgrediar^  9. 
amicibory  Pers.  307. 

\congredibor.  Most.  783,  Ritschl ;  -iar,  MSS.] 
demolibor,  B.  383. 

opperibor,  Ps.  323,  True.  209. 

opperiar,  11. 
largibM,  B.  828. 

5         6 

largiere.  Mil.  1243. 
opperibM,  B.  48. 

7        8 

custodibUiir,  Capt.  729. 
5      6 

nuntibttur.  Mil.  35. 
5      6 

reperibMr^  E.  151. 
7     8 

reperietur^  Cas.  1013. 

sdbitur,  Capt.  785,  bacchiac,  med.  vs. 

subblandibtttir,  B.  517. 

5        6 

meniibfrnurt  Mil.  254. 

7  8 

§  5. — Future  in  -so. 

r«/j^,  B.  712  (MSS.). 

<7rr^/jt>,  Am.  673  (Nonius),  Cas.  icx)i  (MSS.)  ;  occipMt,  Am.  724. 

7         8 

/or^,  74  instances.  Faxo  (and  the  same  holds  of  other  similar  forms)  is  to  be 
looked  on  as  a  future,/?^  -so,  like  Xiz-o-o),  and  not  as  a  future  perfect,  in  spite  of 
such  passages  as  B.  848-849,  Capt.  695,  Poen.  1191,  Frag.  ^^,  Fretum,  where 
faxo  zxiAfecero  stand  close  to  each  other.  Cf.  Aul.  788,  789,  for  the  corresponding 
subjunctive. 

effexis,  Cas.  708  (B),  Poen.  428  (A). 

faxis,  9  as  future  ;  for  subjunctives  see  §  22. 

respexis,  Aul.  58  (B),  R.  678,  b  {-es  MSS.). 

adempsit,  E.  363  (B^). 

aspexit.  As.  770  (BDEJ). 

capsity  Ps.  1022  (Camerarius  ;  ceperit  capstiy  BCD). 

faxity  Cas.  1016  (A  ;  flaxity  B)  ;  for  subjunctives  see  §  22. 

iniexi<S>y  Pers.  70  (Camerarius). 

occepsity  As.  794  (MSS.). 

cdpsimiHiSy  R.  304  (MSS.),  colon  end. 
3         4 
faxinty  Poen.  1208  (MSS.> 

Total,  98  instances. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


47 


§  6. — Future  in  -asso. 

Such  forms  as  amassOy  enicasso  are  not  derived  in  any  way  from  amauero^ 
enicauero  \  they  are  futures,  and  not  future  perfects.     Cf.  S.  149 : — 

N^que  ego  ti  celdbo  n/que  tu  mi  celdssis. 

The  instances  in  Plautus  are  confined  to  the  first  conjugation,  ix.  we  do 
not  get  in  Plautus  such  a  form  diS  prohibesso.  Yet  we  do  get,  as  aorist  subjunctives, 
such  forms  as  prohibessisy  Aul.  611,  and  ambissity  Am.  prol.  71  (Fruterius); 
see  §  22. 

amassOy  Cas.  looi,  icx)2. 

commonstrassOy  E.  441  (B^ ;  -strauerOy  W). 

enicassOy  Most.  212,  223. 

indicassOy  Poen.  888. 

liberassOy  Most.  223. 

pecassOy  R.  1348. 

reconciliassOy  Capt.  576. 

seruassoy  Most.  228. 

accurassiSy  Ps.  939,  b. 

adcurassiSy  Pers.  393  {accurras  siSy  BCD). 

celassiSy  S.  149. 

fraudassisy  R.  1345  {fraudas  sis,  BD^). 

indicassisy  R.  1028. 

inritassisy  Am.  454  {inritas  siSy  B). 

inritassisy  Pers.  828  {inritas  siSy  D  ^). 

inritassiSy  S.  345. 

intrassisy  Men.  416. 

orasseisy  E.  728  (A  ;  -iSy  BJ). 

peccassisy  R.  11 50,  S.  727. 

cenassity  S.  192. 

comparassity  E.  122  (BJ). 

decolassity  Cas.  307  {decolla  sity  VE). 

demutassity  S.  725  {demutas  sity  CD). 

occeptassity  R.  776  {pcceptas  sity  CD). 

ocaipassity  As.  818  {occupas  sity  BD). 

peccassity  Cas.  825. 

exoculdssUiSy  R.  731  {exoculas  sitiSy  CD). 

7  8 

inuitdssttisy  R.  811  {inuitas  sitiSy  BCD). 

5  6 

mulcdssttiSy  Mil.  163  (A ;  ww/^r^j:  ^//w,  B). 

7  8 

curassinty  Poen.  prol.  27  (^r«  jiVi/,  BC). 
Total,  33  instances. 


4B  ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 

Except  S.  149,  R.  1028,  S.  724,  these  are  all  introduced  by  si,  nisi,  mi,  ubi. 


stue. 


With  these  compare  such  forms  as  locassim,  §  23,  and  impetrdssM,  §  34. 

§  7. — Future  in  -em. 

Ps.  214,  faciem,  B  ^ ;  faciam,  A,  editors. 

Ps.  <^^,faciem,  B  ;  faciei,  reliqui,  editors. 

Pers.  1/^7,  facie,  C  ;  faciam,  BD,  editors. 

True.  963,  sinetn,  BCD  ;  sinam,  editors. 

B.  405,  experier,  D^ ;  experiar,  D^,  editors  ;  experior,  B. 

In  Mil.  6-]^,  accipiem,  BCD,  accipiam  is  probably  subjunctive. 

Such  forms  seem  exceeding  doubtful ;  even  the  passage  in  Quintilian  (I.  7.  23) 
is  not  perfectly  clear. 

Perfect  Indicative. 

§  8. — Second  Person  Singular,  Active,  of  Perfects  in  -si. 

ahduxti.  Cure.  614  (B) ;  cf  R.  862. 
adduxtin,  Capt.  1016  (MSS.) ;  adduxisti,  E.  156,  R.  497. 
aduexti,  Merc.  390  (D  ;  aduexit,  B). 
auexti,  R.  862  (Acidalius  "  ex.  cod."  ;  ahduxisti,  BCD). 
conscrips[  ]ti.  As.  746  (Aldine), 
depinxti,  Poen.  11 14  (AB). 
detrus[]ti,  Aul.  335  (Acidalius). 
deuinx[  ]ti.  As.  849  (Camerarius). 
discesti.  As.  251  (MSS.)  ;  cf  S.  395,  discessisti  (A). 

dixti,  13  (11  MSS.,  2  shown  by  metre  only.    A  frequent  variant  is  dixit). 
Merc.  754,  durtei. 

emunxti.  Most.  1109  (Pius),  I  no  (Pius,  B^). 

immersti,  B.  677  (BCD). 

instruxti.  Mil.  981  (Camerarius  ;  -xit,  BCD) ;  instruxisti.  Mil.  IIOO,  11 27. 

intellexti,  R.  1103  (MSS.) ;  cf  True.  681,  intellexisti. 

intinxti.  True.  294  (Scaliger ;  -xit,  BCD). 

intromis[]ti,  Aul.  553  (Acidalius). 

iusti.  Men.  1 146  (AD*) ;  iussisti,  six  instances. 

occiusti,  Trin.  188  (ABC). 

promisti,  Cure.  705  (EJ) ;  promisisti,  four  instances. 

promistin.  Cure.  709  (B) ;  promisisti <n>,  R.  1384. 

scripsti.  As.  802  (Pius  ;  scriptis,  MSS.). 

traduxti,  Cas.  579  (B^)  ;  cf.  Cas.  597,  traduxisti. 

Twenty-four  of  these  instances  are  shown  by  MSS.,  eleven  by  metre  only 

Note  Merc.  658 : — 

lam  dixisti  >    #    Dixi,    #    Frustra  dixti. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS  49 

§  9- — Third  Person  Plural,  Active, 
(i)    Fecerunt  or  fecere } 

-erunt  at  vs.  or  colon  end 27 

before  consonants 55 

before  vowels jg 

112 

-ere      before  consonants 13 

before  vowels ^g 

51 
(ii)     Fecerunt  ox  fecerunt} 

-^>««^ 7^ 

-eriknt,  quantity  not  shown 25 

'^runt A 

9 

112 

-^r^,  quantity  not  shown         .        .       .        ,       .       ,11 

51 

Forms  like  adlegarunt,  Poen.  773,  are  not  included  in  these  figures  (there  are 
II  such). 

'^ruHt  at  vs.  or  colon  end  : — 

Am.  \^/^,fdcMint,  iamb,  octon. 

3      4 

Pers.  160,  locdu^rjint, 

5  6 

Most.  281,  miru^runt. 

7  8 

True.  468,  occSp^riint, 

7        8 

B.  928,  subegMmt, 

7         8 

'^runt  elsewhere  : — 

Poen.  223,  did^runt,  bacchiac  verse. 

B.  668,  exdd^runt,  iamb,  septen. 
t  3 

Poen.  prol.  21,  ddrmt^riint,  iamb.  sen. 

3  4 

[Capt.  ?>6,  rddierunt,  a  doubtful  instance.] 
3        4 

§  10. — Perfect  Passive  Forms, 

oblitus  fui,  etc.  (fueram,  fuero,fuant,  forem,  fuerim),  at  vs.  end,  24  ;  med.  vs.,  22, 
viz.:— Cure.  566,  Merc.  228,  Pers.  22,  R.  217,  Trin.  383,  1090;  S.  722;  Merc.  232, 
NO.  I.  VOL.  I.  J. 


50 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


Most  487  ;  Am.  430;  Most.  821  ;  E.  123,  Men.  472,  Poen.  1280  ;  E.  282  ;  R.  218  ; 
Mil.  1083  ;  Most.  799 ;  True.  341 ;  Pers.  380 ;  E.  225  ;  Pers.  79.  Add  indutum 
fuisse,  Men.  515  [pblitus  fui,  etc.  6  ;  oblitus  sunt,  etc.  7]. 

Such  forms  prove  to  be  more  numerous  than  one  might  imagine,  and  they  are 
by  no  means  confined  to  words  that  make  a  neat  verse-end. 

§  II. — Double  Forms  0/ Perfect. 

aper<it>uistis  ?,  Cist.  3  (Exon). 

increpdui.  Most.  750  (B  ;  increpitauit,  CD). 

concrepuity  9  ;  {con)crepuerunty  4. 

increpuiy  R.  prol.  69. 

increpmt,  Am.  1077. 

concridui,  Cas.  479 ;  the  form  concridUd,  Aul.  585,  shows  that  we   ought  to 

^  5       6 

look  upon  this  as  a  different  formation,  rather  than   as  a  wavering  in  principal 

parts. 

concredidiy  Aul.  615,  Men.  702. 

concridtdit,  Aul.  prol.  6. 
5       6 

parsi,  8. 

pepircMs,  Aul.  381  (MSS.,  metre). 

5  6 

Pepercisses,  True.  375  (A  ;  parsisses,  BCD). 

uota\ut\sti  .^  Capt.  704 ;  uotui,  Capt.  703,  seems  against  this  ;  yet  ef.  B.  865, 
866,  for  sudden  change  (from  deponent  to  active  form). 


§  1 2. — Interchange  of  Voice. 

coepi  with  active  infinitive,  10 ;  with  deponent  infinitive,  3  ;  coSpta  appSllatist, 

Men.  718. 

disitumst  potdrtery  Most.  958. 

56  78 

nequitur  cdmprimi,  R.  1064;  retrahi  nequitur.  Frag.  112,  Saturio  (Festus);  nic 

678  1  a  1 

subigi  quedntur^  Pers.  194. 

»        3 

odi^  4  ;  6sa  sum  dptuerUr,  Am.  900. 
3  456 

licuit^  2  ;  licitumsty  7  (for  detailed  references  for  this  and  the  following  verbs, 
see  §  46). 

lubuity  4  ;  {con)lubitum  est,  etc.,  17. 

placuit,  2  ;  {com)placitum  est^  etc.,  3. 

puduit,  I  ;  puditutnsty  2. 

miseritumst,  Trin.  430,  and  taesumst.  Most.  316,  show  no  corresponding  active 
forms. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 

§  13. — Reduplication, 


51 


Gellius,  VI.  9,  mentions  c^curri,  m&mordt,  ^^posci,  ^epugi,  s^^pondi,  as  occurring 
in  early  Latin.  He  cites  from  Plautus  adm^mordit,  Aul.  frag.  2  ;  to  this  we  may 
add  memordit,  Poen.  1074  {me  motdit,  C  ;  momordit,  B). 

Pupugi  seems  not  to  occur  in  Plautus  in  any  form,  and  cucurri  only  in 
compounds.  Of  the  other  words  we  have  at  least  three  instances  :—/^/^ja/, 
True.  240  ;  popSscMt,  S.  556  ;  and  spopondi,  Trin.  427,— all  with  -o-. 


Gellius,  VI.  9,  also  cii^s  praemorsisset.  Frag.  120,  Trigemini.  There  are  at  least 
eleven  instances  of  reduplication  in  compound  verbs,  viz. : — 

abscondidi,  Mere.  360,  Frag.  51,  Carbonaria  (Priscian). 
ac<C^cu'^currimuSy  Cist.  710  (Lindsay). 
condidiciy  Cure.  534. 
excuciirrMty  Most.  359. 

ixcuciirrissey  B.  359. 
occucurriy  Merc.  201  (B). 
praecuciirriy  Merc.  223,  S.  392. 
praecuairristiy  Am.  796,  Men.  1057. 

Other  reduplicated  forms  are  : — 
recctdit,  Poen.  1369  (A). 

5  6 

repperi,  etc.,  numerous  instances. 

reppuli{t\  B.  633,  967,  Cas.  %Z^,  R.  672. 

rettulity  etc.,  6. 

tetuli,  etc.,  12  {te  tuli.  Am.  716,  Men.  381,  630). 

tuli\  Aul.  433,  ad    </^>    tuli\  Poen.  1067,  aegre  tiili\  Cure.  644,  t^Urat  (MSS.). 

56  3 

adtuliy  etc.,  more  than  forty  instances. 

Tetini  and  tenui  are  discussed  by  Lindsay,  in  Harvard  Studies,  IX,  127-130. 
He  finds  tetini  established  for  Plautus  by  these  four  places  :  — 

As.  582,  contini  {continui,  MSS.),  required  by  metre. 
Am.  926,  abstinei  {abstines,  MSS.). 
Am.  690,  continit  {continet,  MSS.). 
Mil.  1327,  attinere  (with  transposition). 

Tenui,  and  compounds,  occurs  12  times,  but  Lindsay  is  of  the  opinion  that 
"  there  is  not  sufficient  evidence  to  prove  that  it  ever  was  used  by  Plautus,"  or,  if  it 
was  used  by  him,  to  determine  how  far  it  competed  with  the  form  tetini. 


exiui,  S.  459  (MSS.). 


§  14. — Perfect  of  ire. 


transiuit.  Mil.  997  (BCD). 


E  2 


5« 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


iirSf  Capt.  194  (MSS.). 

5     6 

iM,  S.  484  (this  verse  is  in  A  only). 

5     6 

ambiuMt,  Am.  prol.  74  (MSS.). 
5       6 

iuisse.  Most.  842  (ABCD). 

Such  forms  as  Sxtit,  Merc.  ^o\  pM<^i>fmis,  Men.  1015  ;    dbiM^  E.  515; 

56  78  56 

praeUriMty  Pers.  402,  are  fairly  common  at  vs.  end  (at  least  15  such).     Add  4xti, 

5  6 

Ps.  1282,  bacchiac  vs. ;  [1]//,  perfect,  Most.  25;  abit,  Men.  450  (ABD) ;  Mil.  251 
(A) ;  R.  325  (MSS.) ;  exit.  Mil.  376  (MSS.),  416  (MSS.) ;  exit,  Ps.  730  (A  only) 
redt[t]t,  As.  395  ;  mteri[i]tt  B.  950. 


§  15. — Perfect  ^  pono. 

(i)    Posiui  shown  by  MSS.  readings,  6  instances  : — 

Ps.  1 28 1,  posiui  (B),  bacchiac  verse. 

Cure.  536,  deposiui  {W). 

As.  519,  reposiui  (BJ). 

True.  460,  supposiui  (B),  bacchiac  verse. 

Cas.  853,  exposiuit  (AB). 

Trin.  i^^,  posiuMs  {^), 
5       6 

(ii)    Posiui  shown  by  metre  only,  7  instances  : — 

Mil.  905,  adpos<J>uiy  Camerarius. 

R.  <)\6y  praepos<Ci^ui,  Camerarius,  bacchiac  verse. 

Most.  382,  depos<CS^uit,  Camerarius. 

R.  357,  inpos<^i^uit,  Camerarius. 

Cure.  356,  oppos<it;>uit,  Camerarius. 

True.  804,  suppos^Cj^uit,  Camerarius. 

B.  306,  depos<it^utniiis,  Acidalius. 

5  6 

Add  Vid.  \oi, posiuimiisy  Priscian,  and  inposisse,  Most.  434  (BCD^). 

Arthur  Winfred  Hodgman. 

Ohio  State  University,  Columbus. 
April  10,  1906. 

{To  be  continued,) 


VERB   FORMS   IN   PLAVTVS. 

{Continued  from  page  52.) 
i6.^Diaeresis  and  Syncopation  in  Perfects, 


1    I 


coepi,  Cas.  701,  Cist.  687,  both  in  bacchiac  verse. 

coepit,  Cas.  651,  bacchiac  verse. 

mScum  rim  cdepit,  Merc.  533,  iamb,  septen. 

S  67 

siif[ru]pm,  at  vs.  end,  Capt.  prol.  8,  760,  ion.     One  would  like  to  read 

similar   forms   in    Men.   510,   stirrupui,  and    in  Poen.   prol.   66,  siirripitiir,  but 

these  are  by  no  means  sure.                   *  34 

The  participle  surruptus  occurs  14  times.  This  is  the  only  form   possible 

metrically,  in  eight  places.  Either  the  fuller  or  the  syncopated  form  might 
stand  in  the  other  six,  viz.  : — 

Poen.  902   (we  can  keep  the  fuller  form  by  reading  ind). 


Pers.  150    ( 
R.  I 105      ( 

Poen.  I346( 
Poen.  1058  ( 

in  955  we  get  Antidamds  fuit). 
Pers.  380  {et  ut  ui .?). 


n 
II 

II 
II 


>i 
If 

^1 
If 


II 
fi 

II 
II 


II 
fi 

II 
II 


unct\ 

futt  uirgS), 
4  s 

eae  stint), 

Antidama[s]  hosp4s\    but 


Other  syncopated  perfects  are  ricctdit,  repperi,  reppuli,  rettuli;   see   §   13 
and  §  53,  turTgo,  etc.     Add  Pers.  834,  conciliaut}    {concilia  ut  BCD)-  of.  Mi/ 
1038,  Cas.  543,  As.  SOI. 


54 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


§  17. — Habes  with  Perfect  Passive  Participle. 

This  occurs  very  frequently  in  Plautus,  but  **  Cases  in  which  it  is  the 
equivalent  of  the  perfect  active  are  more  rare  than  has  been  supposed ;  probably 
there  are  none  in  Plautus."  Morris.  See  Thielmann,  in  Archiv  L.L.  II, 
372-423,  S09-549. 

Future  Perfect. 

§  18. — Quantity  of  -i-. 

Short  -/-  is  correct  for  the  future  perfect,  long  -/-  for  the  perfect  subjunctive  ; 
but  the  two  tenses  are  often  confused  in  quantity.  In  Plautus  we  find  6  (10  ?) 
instances  of  short  -i-  in  the  future  perfect,  and  7  (8  T)  instances  of  long  -i- ; 
in  the  perfect  subjunctive  10  (12  ?)  instances  of  long  -/-,  and  5  of  short  -/-. 
He  seems,  therefore,  to  be  somewhat  more  correct  in  his  measurement  of  the 
perfect  subjunctive.     Cf.  §  26. 

(i)    Short  -/- : — 

B.  119s»  si  dmisiri'  post  in^  anap.  septen. 
•       3  4 

Ps.  946,  uhi  efficMs  hdc,  anap.  septen. 

s  fi 

Pers.  "j^T^  si  rediMt  eiiis^  anap.  octon. 

3 
Mil.  156,  ni  defregtr^tis,  troch.  septen. 

9       3 
Mil.  in.quemque  uid^rttisy  troch.  septen. 

t  a 

Mil.  160,  quemqtte  uider^tis^  troch.  septen. 

4 

Similar  to  these  are  four  others,  though  they  are  strictly  futures  and 
not  future  perfects  (see  §§  5,  6) : — 

R.  304,  nisi  cdpstmus,  iamb,  septen.,  colon  end. 
3         4 

R.  731,  ni  exoaddssttisy  troch.  septen. 

7       s 

R.  811,  nei  inuitdssttis^  iamb.  sen. 

S         6 

Mil.  163,  ni  mulcdssttis,  troch.  septen. 
(ii)    Long  -/- : — 

Men.  i2\,faxo  .  .  .  contid^reis,  iamb.  sen. 

S  6 

Ps-  100,  nisi  .  .  .  fleueris  arginteis^  iamb.  sen. 

34         s      6 

Poen.  213,^/...  dcciperis  ix,  bacchiac  verse. 

•         3 

Men.  256,  nisi  .  .  .  reuSrt^reis,  iamb.  sen. 

5        « 
Mil.  1 1 76,  ubi  .  .  .  dbierit  ibi  tu  ilicd,  troch.  septen. 

56  78 

Trin.  788,  b,  quom  ,  .  .  dtttderit  episttdas,  iamb.  sen. 


iikluii  iilUiiiiiiilJibiillliriM 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS  55 

True.  344,  si  ,  .  ,  bbtigertt  herdditds,  iamb.  sen. 

3  456 

Add  the  future  nisi  .  .  .  ordsseis,  E.  728,  troch.  septen. 

4 

Other  possible  instances,  at  colon  end,  are  of  course  too  doubtful  to  be  listed. 

Present  Subjunctive. 

Some  of  the  following  forms  are  really  optatives  originally,  but  may  be 
put  here  for  convenience. 

§  19« — Forms  of  do. 
duim,  I  mod.  vs.  (Aul.  6^2). 
intirdiUm,  2,  vs.  end. 
pirdiiim,  2,  vs.  end. 

creduam,  i,  vs.  end. 
dids,  6,  vs.  end  ;  i  med.  vs.  (R.  1 368). 
cridrds,  i,  vs.  end  ;  i  med.  vs.  (Am.  672). 
perdtds,  i,  vs.  end  ;  i  med.  vs.  (Capt.  728). 

diias,  I,  vs.  end  ;  i  med.  vs.  (Merc.  401). 

criduds,  2,  vs.  end. 

accrediids,  i,  vs.  end. 

indudSy  I,  vs.  end. 
diiit,  2,  vs.  end. 
crediiity  I,  vs.  end. 
perdnity  I,  vs.  end  ;  i,  med.  vs.  (Poen.  740). 

cridUdt,  2,  vs.  end. 
drUnt,  4,  vs.  end  ;  i,  med.  vs.  (Ps.  937). 
pirdiiint,  13,  vs.  end  ;  i,  med.  vs.  (Men.  451). 

Total,  optative  forms,  33  at  vs.  end,  7  med.  vs. ;  ordinary  forms,  8  at  vs.  end, 
I  med.  vs. 

§  20. — Forms  of  tdo. 

edim,  Aul.  430,  Poen.  1284,  Trin.  474,  475. 
comedim,  B.  743,  Cure.  560. 
edis,  Men.  249,  Poen.  Z67,  Trin.  473. 
comedisy  Trin.  102. 

edaSy  Poen.  534. 
edit,  7. 

edimus,  Poen.  537. 

edint.  Men.  457. 

comedint,  True.  534. 

exedint,  Ps.  821. 

edant,   S.   554.     The    forms    edas,    edant,    arc    doubted    by 
Dr.  Postgate  (C/.  Rev,  xvi.  [1902]  112). 


56  ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 

§  21. — Miscellaneous  Present  Subjunctives, 
co^ptdty  True.  232. 

7       8 

sustSllat,  Mil.  310. 

3 

timpMnt,  True.  prol.  61. 
5         6 

AoRisT  Subjunctive. 

§  22. — Forms  in  -sim. 

ausim,  8  (in  Mere.  301  A  reads  aussim), 

empsinty  Cas.  347  (Aeidalius  ;  emisim,  VJ). 

gmpsim.  Mil.  316  (Lindemann). 

faxiniy  10. 

obiexim,  Poen.  446  (A  ;  -0  bi  ex  im,  B  ;  -o  bi  exim,  CD^. 

amissis,  B.  1188  (MSS.). 

dixis,  6  (deixisy  Mere.  484,  A). 

/axisy  9 ;  for  futures,  see  §  5. 

induxiSy  Capt.  149  {induxistiy  E). 

obiexiSy  Cas.  404  (Lambinus  ;  oblexisy  BVE). 

f  arsis y  B.  910  {par  sisy  B). 

parsis,  Ps.  79  (/<2rj  w,  B). 

prohibessisy  Aul.  611  {prohibes  sis,  BDE), 

respexisy  Most.  523  (BCD*). 

responsiSy  True.  606  (BCD). 

ambissity  Am.  prol.  71  (Fruterius ;  ambissety  B;  ambissent,  DEJ). 

ausityB,697y  Mil.  11. 

excussity  B.  598. 

extinxity  True.  524. 

/rtir/V,  7  ;  for  futures,  see  §  5. 

licessity  As.  603  {silices  sity  BD). 

prohibessity  Ps.  14  (j//  as  separate  word,  BCD). 

subrepsity  Mil.  333. 

faxtmusy  True.  prol.  60  (Camerarius  ;  faeimuSy  MSS.). 

4 
adaxinty  Aul.  JO. 

ambissinty  Am.  prol.  69  (Fruterius  ;  ambissenty  MSS.). 

faxinty  16  (Aul.  788  //a  ^1  fdxint,  inquitd,    #    ^^^  ^^  fdciant). 

5678  12 

Total,  78. 

§  23. — Forms  in  -assim. 
Iccassinty  Aul.  228. 

negassifHy  As.  503. 

amassiSy  Mil.  1007  (separatim,  BCD). 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


57 


curassiSy  Most.  526,  Poen.  553  (separatim,  B),  Ps.  232. 
demutassisy  Vid.  91. 

indicassiSy  Aul.  608  (D  ;  indicasses,  BE). 
inmutassis,  Aul.  585  (Aeidalius). 
occultassiSy  Trin.  627. 
occupassisy  Most.  1097  (separatim,  BCD). 
opt<iass^iSy  Mil.  669  (Camerarius). 
supplicassisy  As.  467  (separatim,  E). 
abiurassity  Pers.  478. 
celebrassity  Frag.  66,  Cornicula,  Nonius. 
perennitassity  Pers.  330  (Biicheler). 
seruassity  Cist.  742  (B* ;  separatim,  B^E). 
amassinty  Cure.  578. 

seruassinty  As.   654    (separatim,   BE),   Cas.    324,    Ps.    37   (separatim,    CD), 
S.  505  (D ;  j^/'w^  sinty  B),  Trin.  384. 

Total,  23. 

§  24. — Forms  of  tango. 

dttigdsy  B.  445,  E.  723,  True.  276. 

Z  3 

attigasy  Pers.  816,  bacchiac  verse. 

ne  dttigdtis,  tdngttiy  Most.  468. 
3         4  s         6 

Cf.  Mil.  1092,  tdg^  (Bothe  ;   so  practically  B,  but  CD  have  tangOy  against 
metre). 

§  25. — Forms  of  ucnio. 
dduindt,  Ps.  1030  (BD). 

5  6 

^u^n[]dty  Cure.  39  (Muret). 

56  » 

/«/«[  ]dty  E.  290  (Bothe). 

7  8 

^u^n[]dty  Mil.  loio  (Ritschl). 

7  8 

/«/«[  ]^7,  Trin.  41  (Pareus). 

5  6 

iu^n[]dnty  E.  321  (Bothe),  end  of  cretic  tetram. 
p^ru^n[  ]dty  R.  626  (Guyet). 

7  8 

p^ru^ndnty  Trin.  93  (Pareus  ;  peruenianty  A ;  peruenaty  B  ;  perueniaty  CD; 

Besides  these  eight  sure  cases,  for  which  metre  is  the  only  proof,  apart  rom 
Ps.  1030  and  perhaps  Trin.  93,  one  would  like  to  read  similar  forms,  medio  uersu, 

in  these  places  '.^c6nuen[t]dmy  B.  348  ;  c6nuen[{\dty  Trin.  583  ;    ^en[t\ity  B.  144, 

34  34 

Cure.  271,  Most.  58;   ^uen[i]dnty  Most.  395,    Pers.  629;   /uen[i]iinty   Cure.   125, 
Pers.  454  ;  but  these  are  very  doubtful. 

Add,  as  an  aorist  subjunctive,  abstulaSy  R.  frag.,  Diomedes. 


5« 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


Perfect  Subjunctive. 

§  26,--Quantity  of  -i-  {cf.  §  i8). 

(i)    Long  -i' : — 
Men.  lioi,  quasi  dmeris  argento^  troch.  septen. 

a  3  4 

Capt.  248,  qtii  fuerts  et  qui,  troch.  septen. 

a  3  4 

Capt.  407, 1'it  fueris  animdtus,  troch.  septen. 
•  3  4 

Merc.  924,  quia  .  .  .  adduxerit  in,  troch.  septen. 

3      4 

Ps.  962,  quotumas  .  .  .  dixerit  id  ego  ad-,  troch.  septen. 

34  5 

[R.  391,  nepirierit,     ^     Ubinam  da,  iamb,  septen. ;  not  a  certain  instance.] 

13  3 

Cist.  679,  quis  si'istuleHt  et,  colon  end  of  anap.  octon. 

3  4 

Cist.  II,  w/  miminertmi'is,  bacchiac  verse. 
B.  1 132,  qui  .  .  .  ue'nerimus,  bacchiac  verse. 
Mil.  862,  ne  dixeritis^  iamb.  sen. 

X  3 

Poen.  953,  ut  siritis,  iamb.  sen. 

3 

Add  the  aorist  si  faximus,  True.  prol.  60  (Camerarius),  iamb.  sen. 

4 

(ii)    Short  -2-  : — 
Pers.  494,  ut  m/minM'  dum,  anap.  octon. 

6  7 

S.  42,  «/  . . .  mdminMs  Sfficitim,  anap.  dim. 

3  34 

S.  47,  miminM'  fdcito,  anap.  dim.  catal. 

2  3 

R.  1040,  tUiilMt  ibo,  troch.  septen.  "  Proceleumaticus  frequens  hoc  versus 

5  6 

loco,"  Leo  ad  Am.  718. 

Cist.  4  qui  mdgis  pdtfiir^tis,  anap.  monometer  hypercatal.  {potueris,  B). 


Pluperfect  Subjunctive. 

§  27. — Forms  in  -sem. 

faxem,  Ps.  499  (ABCD). 

intellexes.  Cist.  625  (Camerarius  ;  intellexisses,  E). 
iussSs,  Pers.  106  (Bugge  ;  itis  est,  BCD). 
recesset,  Merc.  73  (Lambinus  ;  recessit,  BCD). 


liAiinLiiLdJiiHiiMii^ 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS  59 

Imperative. 

§  28. — Die,  due,  fer, 
die  diee  (8)  and 

{deie,  Merc.  529,  A).  compounds  (4). 

35  before  vowels 3 

84      If      consonants 9 

119  12 

due  (10)  and  duee  (6)  and 

compounds  (4).  compounds  (19). 

8  before  vowels .12 

6      „      consonants 13 

14  25 

fac  faee 

1 8  before  vowels •  7 

46      „      consonants 14 

at  vs.  end 16 

dub.  (True.  924) i 

64  38 

Note  R.  124: — 

Tu  siquid  6pus  est  dfce.     -^     Dfc  quod  ti  rogS. 

3  4 

The  compounds  are 

addiee,  Poen.  498. 

benediee,  Aul.  787,  Cas.  346  (is  this  really  a  compound  1  see  §  54,  vii.  ad  fin.). 

indiee,  Ps.  546. 

abdue.  Men.  436,  Poen.  1147,  S.  418. 

adduc,  Ps.  389. 

abduee,  6. 

adduee,  7. 

eireumduee.  As.  97,  Mil.  221,  Most.  843. 

<jie^duce.  True.  479. 

^^«^^,  Pers.  459,  S.  762. 

Compare  Mil.  256 : — 

m 

dice,  mdnstra,  pradc(pi  {diee,  A ;  omitted  in  other  MSS.). 

5678 

with  Capt.  359: — 

diee  [delmdnstra,  praMpd  (seel.  Camerarius). 

5  6  78 


«o  ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 

On  these  three  imperatives  see  Lindsay,  L.L.  p.  518,  and  his  note  on  Capt.  359, 
editio  maior,  p.  211. 

§  29. — Miscellaneous  Imperative  Forms, 
cido^  85  instances. 

cette,  Merc.  965  (Camerarius  ;  certe,  MSS.). 
cette patri  meo,  Frag.  Fab.  Inc.  46  (59),  Cledonius. 
es,  see  §  37,  ad  fin. 

face,  Pers.  398 ;  this  seems  reasonably  sure,  but  age,  Capt.  444,  and  ingeri,  Ps. 

359,  are  very  doubtful.    There  are  at  least  six  verse-ends  like//r^  r/;«,  Most.  20, 
dic^ diim^'R.  iis6.  *         ^ 

f  8 

cSmminisceri,  cedo  cdlidum,  Mil.  226 ;  compUcter^,  As.  615,  is  less  probable,  as  it 

9345  ^  r  I 

stands  at  change  of  speaker. 

prSgredimtnd,  Ps.  859. 
4         s        6 

man'  =  mane{>\  Aul.  655  ;  mitt  =  mitte,  Ps.  239;  redd  =  redde,  S.  76% ;  so 
Skutsch,  Forschungen,  I.  149,  150.  Lindsay  prints  it  in  Poen.  1237,  and  suggests 
it  in  Pers.  758. 

Infinitive. 

§  30. — Present  active  in^^. 

True.  425,  mihi  dart  mitniisaili, 

4 

As.  2^0,  fingert  falldcidm  (cf.  As.  252). 

4 

Ps.  1003,  ^ittere  scriptdm  soUt, 

4 

Mil.  %^%,pr6mert,    uertim  hSc  erdt, 

4 

I^s.  ZSSiP^^^i^ri posstim  tibi, 

4 

R.  244,  niueri  mine  ueiim,  cretic  verse. 
334  4 

The  above  are  the  surest  instances ;  more  doubtful  are 

Pers.  487,  crideri  mihi  ndn  uis,  troch.  octon. 

7 

Mil.  27.  diceri  uolui  femiHr,  iamb.  sen. 

4 

R.  1 1 19,  diceri,  senex  earn,  troch.  septen. 

345 
Men.  887,  duceri  medicum  dnfabrum, 

S         4 

Pers.  273,  oboidiri  uelis,    #    Asta,  troch.  octon. 

f  8 

True.  528,  sduinm  peteri  tuom  iubeas,  troch.  septen. 

s 

S.  Ill, promitteri,  nisi  ndllem,  troch.  septen. 
345 

Poen.  628,  qua^reri  comit^m  sibi, 

4 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS  ^i 

Still  more  doubtful  are 

Trin.  584,  ha<jl>d  dare,    #     Quin  tu  i  modd. 

4 

Am.  345,  diceri.    #     Quid  edst  opus, 

6 

Merc.  934,  dicerd,    #     Certum  dxequi, 

6 

Mil.  1 3 1 6,  dicer/.    #     Salua/  si/nt. 

6 

Pers.  826,  redder/  Dioddrus,  troch.  septen.,  second  foot. 

Twelve  of  these  nineteen  instances  occur  at  the  antepenultimate  ictus.    Cf. 
Jacobsohn,  Quaestiones  Plautinae,  1904,  p.  40.    Verse  endings  like  expectdr/  uis, 

Trin.  734,  scird  rim,  Poen.  555,  occur  at  least  nineteen  times, 
r       8 

§  31. — Present  Passive, 

vs.  end,        med.  vs, 
lOI  I 

39  3 

18  I 


-arier 
-erier 
-ier 
'irier 


.        •        *        .        . 


•        • 


... 


Mil.  1073,  anap.  septen. : — 


17s 


risu\m\  ddmoderdrier  jl.  «• 

5  6 

Men.  1006,  iamb.  dim.  acatal. : — 

Luci  deripier  in  uid. 

This  has  been  said  to  be  the  only  form  in  -ier  with  a  short  antepenult,  but  there 
is  another  instance  in  Poen.  742. 

Poen.  742,  iamb.  sen. : — 

Fords  egridier  uideo. 
»  3 

Doubtless  we  should  read  Fords  igredire  uideo.     Cf.  §  45  (7). 

r^  »3 

Cas.  220,  anap.  septen.  :— 

utier  omnibus. 
f  « 

Cas.  723,  anap.  septen. : — 

patricique  amicirier  dtque, 

5  6  7 

Note  Mil.  881,  iamb,  septen.  ;— 

At  miliust  ♦  mon^ri^r.    #   Meretrium  c6mmon6ri, 

34  67 

and  True.  753,  troch.  septen.  :— 

Sine  experfri.    #    Immo  Spperire :  uis  est  ^xper{ri<^r>. 
3  «78 


6a 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


§  32. — Miscellaneous  Present  Infinitives. 

coipere^  Pers.  121. 

3 

quahM,  B.  178. 

5       6 

sustdllM,  Cist.  550. 

5  6 

sustolliy  Poen.  1168. 
4       5 

ess' ^  esse,  Pers.  260  (Lindsay),  and  probably  elsewhere. 


§  33- — Perfect  Active. 

addia^  ]^,  R.  1047  (Camerarius). 

admisse,  Mil.  1287  (MSS.). 

aduexe,  Merc.  333  (MSS.). 

despexe.  Mil.  553  (A  ;  despexi,  B^CDi). 

detraxe,  Trin.  743  (A ;  detraxi,  BCD). 

dixe.  Am.  Frag,  xi,  Nonius. 

dixe,  Poen.  961  {dixi,  A). 

inlexe,  Merc.  53  (Camerarius;  inlexit,  B). 


§  34. — Future  Active  in  -assere. 

impetrdssiri,  Aul.  6^7  (BD) ;  Cas.  271 ;  Mil.  1128  (BD) ;  S.  71  (AB),~all  four 
at  vs.  end. 

oppugndssM,  Am.  210. 
7         8 

reconcilidssM,  Capt.  168. 
Cf.  §§  6^  23. 

§  35. — Miscellaneous  Future  Infiyiitives, 

Cas.    693,  occisurwm  ait.^occisur^m  (esse)  {-am,  AB^;  -mw,  B^.    Cf.    Gel- 
Uus  I.  7.  11). 

True.  400,  bona  sua  me<d>  habiturxxm,  ^hahitur^m  {esse)  {-urn,  BCD.     Cf. 
Jahrb.  1872,  p.  571,  and  Dr.  Postgate  in  Class.  Rev.  xviii.  (1904)  451  ff.). 

Mil.  941,  confide  confuturtim  (Camerarius  ;  cumfuturum,  B  ;  aimfuturum,  CD). 
Cas.  699,  datum  iri  \  R.  1 242,  praidatum  iri^r.    This  is  noteworthy  as  appar- 

5      6 

ently  the  only  place  in  which  this  verbal  form  has  been  preserved  in  extant  literature 
in  a  deponent  use:  see  Dr.  Postgate  in  'Proceedings  of  the  Cambridge  Philological 
Society  1891/  p.  24,  Class.  Rev.  xvii.  (1903)  57 ;  Cure.  491,  ridditum  eiri  {firi, 
MSS.) ;  True.  886,  tactum  <i>ri. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


63 


§  36. — Supine,  Gerund,  and  Participles. 

esum,  Cure.  228  (BEJ);  essum,UQn.  458  (BCD);  S.  182  (ABCD ;  esum  F 
only). 

laudtum,  Aul.  579  (B,  metre) ;  R.  382  (BCD,  metre) ;  lau[  ]tum,  S.  568  (Fleck- 
eisen,  metri  gratia)  ;  lauttnn,  S.  595  (ABCD,  metre). 

abiendi,  Am.  frag,  xv,  Nonius,  Priscian  ;  cf.  Aul.  105,  abeundumst. 

Gerunds  and  gerundives,  not  including  eundus,  oriundus,  secundus,  show  -und- 
82  times,  -end-  71  times. 

•  Nonius  y6y  14,  cites  nobis  praesente,  as  occurring  in  the  Amphitruo.  This 
is  thought  to  refer  to  verse  400;  cf.  the  three  verses  quoted  by  Pius  between 
Am.  824  and  825. 

True.  125,  tuis  seruio  atque  audiens  sum  imperiis ;  Capt.  925,  carens  fui ;  Am. 
prol.  132,  cupiens  maxumest ;  Mil.  997,  cupiens  est;  Poen.  660,  est  cupiens  ;  R.  943, 
sum  indigens\  Most.  141,  neglegens  fui  \  Poen.  1038  sis  sciens. 

As.  196,  abusa,  passive  (so  understood  by  Nonius) ;  B.  350,  exorsa,  passive. 

Most.  1 168,  cunctam  as  a  participle  {  =  coiunctam  or  couinctam?), 

Trin.  264,  b,  dbstandus. 

E.  74 ,  puppis  pireunddst  prob^. 


Trin.  \\^<^, placinda  dos  quoquest» 


cSpid. 


Note  Trin.  869,  agitdndumst  uigilids,  and  Capt.  852,  ndminandi  istdrum  . . . 

6 


The  Verb  Sum. 


§  37« — Second  Person  Singular,  Present  Indicative. 

is,  60  instances.     To  these  we  must  add 
ess,  Merc.  489  (A)  ; 

ess,  R.  240  (B) ;  and  six  places  in  the  Truculentus  where  the  MSS.  give  esse 
for  es,  viz. : — 

True.  iS2,ee,B;  esse,  C  D  (dittography  before  sed>). 

True.  176,  ee,  BD  ;  esse,  C. 

True.  289,  ee,  BD  ;  esse,  C. 

True.  373,  ee,  BD  ;  esse,  C  (vs.  end). 

True.  378,  isse,  BCD. 

True.  529,  ee,  B  ;  es,  CD. 

There  are  various  places  where  es  appears  as  est,  but  these  do  not  seem  to 
point  to  the  form  ess  so  clearly  as  do  those  showing  esse, 

Es,  imperative :  anim($  bdnSs,  at  vs.  end,  Aul.  732,  Cist.  591,  Mil.  1206  (J),  Ps, 
322;  bdno  anim&s,  Aul.  787,  Cist.  73,  Mil.  1143,  1342,  R.  679;  animo  liquido  et 
tranquillds,  E.  643,  liquidds  animo,  Ps.  232.  No  one  of  these  eleven  instances 
proves  length  for  the  imperative. 


^4 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


§  38.-^ 

Siem,  etc. 

vs.  end. 

med.  vs. 

Stem 

.        .      19 

Am.  prol.  130. 

sies 

.      23 

Poen.  148,  True.  897. 

stet 

.        .      84 

13  (by  emendation  in  Cas.  176,  177). 

stent 

.        .      27 

Aul.  495,  Cure.  322,  Mere.  839. 

potis  stem 

I 

possient 

I 

B.  762. 

possies 

•        S 

possiet 

7 

adsiet 

2 

Ps.  1 1 15. 

subsiet 

I 

170 


21 


The  13  instances  o{  skt  med.  vs.  are  Am.  prol.  106,  Am.  157,  Aul.  370,  B.  652, 
Cas.  176,  514,  Men.  764,  Mere.  175,  Mil.  261,  Poen.  1405,  Ps.  1120,  R.  321,  S.  202. 

The  21  instances  of  these  words  med.  vs.  are  (except  Cas.  176,  177)  well 
attested  by  MSS.  (3  by  ABCD),  and  1 1  of  them  seem  required  by  metre  (baeehiac 
verse,  i  ;  cretic,  i  ;  fourth  foot  of  senarius,  4  ;  scattering,  5).  Leo  generally  retains 
them  in  such  places,  but  prints  the  shorter  forms  where  the  metre  does  not  demand 
the  longer  ones.  Lindsay,  on  the  contrary,  nearly  always  accepts  the  MSS.  read- 
ings, whether  required  by  metre  >r  not.  In  R.  321,  siet  would  give  a  solitary 
iambic  octonarius  in  a  long  series  of  iambic  septenarii,  290-413.  In  Cas.  514  the 
initial  siet  comes  by  copying  the  final  siet  of  5 13.     Note  Men.  341 : — 

Rogitdnt  quoidtis  sit,  quid  ei  nomin  si^t ; 

Trin.  694 : — 

Tibi  sit  hnolumhitum   honoris ;  mihi  quod  Sbiectint  si^t  ; 
and  Pers.  237,  sis  . . .  siem  ;  R.  1381,  jw  . . .  siem  ;    Trin.  prol.  6,  sim  .  .  .  siet ;  E. 
574-75'  -^'^  •  •  •  siet. 

§  39. — Fuam  and  forem. 


fuam 

fuas 

fuat 

fuant 


vs.  end. 

I 

I 

10 

3 
IS 


med.  vs. 

Capt.  443,  Pers.  51,  Trin.  267. 
Aul.426(.^),  Capt.  260,  Men.  171,  Mil.  299. 
Ps.  432. 


8 


iiHIU, 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


«5 


forem 

foret 

forent 

fore 

affore 

adfore 


vs.  end. 

med.  sv. 

2 

R.  218. 

.      16 

6 

2 

B.  953,  Most.  800. 

.        30 

22 

I 

I 

52 


31 


'*  The  equivalent  oiforsitan  (which  is  not  used  by  Plautus,  and  only  seldom,  if 
ever,  by  Terence)  is  in  Y\z.vX\xs  fors  fuat  an,  e.g.  Pseud.  432.''  It  is  wrong  to  use  e.g^ 
here,  iox  fors  fuat  an  occurs  in  Plautus  once  only,  Ps.  432. 


§  40. — Forms  of  possum. 

potis  =potes,  Mil.  782,  Pers.  580,  Ps.  945. 

= potest,  13. 

= posse,  5. 
pote  =potes,  Aul.  390,  Capt.  398,  Pers.  30,  Trin.  352. 

= potest,  Most.  256. 

=poterit{>),  Capt.  398  (Spengel ;  poteris,  MSS.). 

•=  posse,  Capt.  171,  True.  317. 
potis  es,  Capt.  970,  Mil.  684,  1322,  Pers.  35. 
potis  est,  7. 

(J>otis  est  (A),  S.  626,  apparently  against  metre ;  cf.  S.  'j'ji.) 
potis  sunt,  Poen.  227. 
potis  sis,  Poen.  875. 
potis  esse,  Ps.  1 302. 
potin  tu,  Poen.  1089. 
potine  tu.  Cist.  231, 
potin  =potesne,  Cist.  368,  Cure.  246. 
potin  ut,  21. 

potine  ut.  Men.  466,  Merc.  441. 
potin  est,  Trin.  759. 
potin  abeas,  Cas.  731,  Pers.  297. 
potin  ne,  Pers.  175. 
potesse=posse,  5. 

potisset  (BCD),  Mil.  884  (potis  sit,  Leo). 
potis  siem,  Merc.  331. 
possiem,  B.  762,  S.  479. 
possies,  5. 
possiet,  7. 


-'—  ^^  -^■^  ^-^* 


66  ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 

Compounds  of  Volo. 

§  41. — Forms  of  malo. 
magis  nolo  (?),  Cist.  299. 

mdudldt  at  vs.  end,  7  ;  med.  vs.,  Ps.  728. 

maioy  7. 
magis  uts,  Mil.  1337. 

mautSy  7. 

mauoltis,  B.  11 19. 
mdudUt,  As.  121. 

mdu^Hm^  at  vs.  end,  12 ;  med.  vs.,  As.  ^'jj,  Aul.  661,  Merc.  356,  True.  277. 

maliniy  15. 
mduilisy  vs.  end,  Ps.  140 ;  med.  vs.,  Capt.  270. 

malts,  Am.  511,  Cist.  33. 
mauelity  med.  vs.,  Trin.  306. 

malint,  S.  80. 

mauelleniy  8. 

mallem.  Cure.  512  (BEJ).     Cf.  nollem,  which  also  occurs  once 

only,  S.  513,  but  has  not  aroused  the  criticism  that  mallem  of  Cure.  512  has. 

§  42. — Forms  of  nolo. 

non  nolo  (?),  Aul.  703  {nolo  MSS.). 

nollo,  S.  631  (BC),  720  (BCD),  734  (BCD). 

nolo,  56. 
nMsy  vs.  end,  6 ;  med.  vs.,  4. 

non  uiSy  9. 
nhiSlty  vs.  end,  4 ;  med.  vs.,  Trin.  364. 

non  uolty  4. 

ndlUmuSy  S.  142. 

7  8 

nolunty  R.  619. 

nolim,  5. 
»J«  «///f,  Poen.  244  (bacchiac),  Trin.  671  (vs.  end). 

nolisy  3. 
nSn  uHity  vs.  end,  Merc.  452,  453. 

nolity  Most.  287. 
u6n  u^linty  vs.  end,  Merc.  7,  Most.  681. 
non  uelleMy  Cist.  506. 

nollcMy  S.  513« 
«^«  «^/fej,  Aul.  286. 

Other  forms,  such  as  malui,  nolebamy  nolet,  etc.,  are  regular  and  without  variants. 

Add  maxume  uis,  Merc.  886,  Most.  392,  Ps.  1042;  ueiSy  etc.,  11;  uoRmuSy 
Ps.  233  (A),  True.  192  (A),  is  probably  not  Plautine  at  all.  Ne , . ,  uelim^ 
True.  877  ?  (refacere  si  uelimy  BC). 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


67 


The  Verb  Aio. 

§  43. — Present  Indicative, 

The  widest  divergence  of  scansion  is  found  in  the  present  indicative  of 
this  verb. 

aiOy  23.  The  spelling  aiio  seems  indicated  by  such  readings  as  clioy  alioy  allo^ 
aloy  in  Capt.  72,  Cas.  71,  Mil.  548,  Most.  977,  979,  R.  1025. 

dis,  quantity  of  -/-  indeterminate,  E.  29,  Most.  593,  Poen.  985  (.>).  Possibly 
also  in  Most.  331,  1034,  Pers.  322. 

aiSy  quantity  of  a-  indeterminate,  Capt.  1016. 

diSy  Men.  487,  602,  Merc.  390,  492,  Pers.  845,  Ps.  [482,  R.  1072  (vs.  end). 
True.  118.     Possibly  also  in  Men.  162,  820. 

dts  or  aisy  Capt.  572,  Mil.  337,  366,  True.  587. 

Other  dissyllabic  forms  of  ais  with  iambic  or  pyrrhic  measurement,  80  (agis^ 
E.  17,  Poen.  364,  S.  596,  615). 

ainy  5  (Am.  284,  344,  As.  901,  Cure.  323,  Most.  383). 

ainy  26. 

dity  Capt.  365. 

alty  Men.  357,  Poen.  966. 

dityVs.  end,  3  (As.  285,  Poen.  1013,  1017) ;  iambic  shortening  possible,  15. 

aity  pyrrhic  or  monosyllabic,  22. 

atty  surely  monosyllabic,  Mil.  430. 

Other  dissyllabic  forms  of  ait  of  doubtful  quantity,  5. 

Summary : — 

aio 23 

ais loi 

ain        .       .       ...       .       -31 

ait 49 

ai'tis  ?y  Capt.  201  (Lindsay)  .  .  I 
aiunt  {aiiunty  Merc.  469,  A)  .  .20 
Subjunctive  forms  ....  3 
Imperfect  indicative,  see  §  3     .       .      54 

282 
Poen.  996  counted  twice    .       .       .        i 

281 

.1 


6S 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


P 


The  Verb  Bito. 

§  44. — Bito  and  its  Compounds, 

si  rehito,  Capt.  409  (B). 

ni  abatis,  B.  1172  (Brugmann  ;  abeas^  BCD). 

si  adhiteSy  Capt.  604  (B). 

si  bitety  Cure.  141  (B). 

si  rebitet,  Capt.  696  ("  quidam  apud  Pareum  "  ;  tedibit  et,  MSS.). 

si  rebitet,  Capt.  747  (B). 

ne  bitasy  Merc.  465  (A  ;  ne  uitas^  B). 

ne  abitaSy  E.  304  (B). 

ne  inbitaSy  E.  145  (B). 

caue  praeterbitaSy  E.  437  (B). 

si  rebitasy  Capt.  380  (B). 

ne  bitaty  S.  608  (A  ;  ne  ebitaty  reliqui). 

ne  abitaty  R.  777  (ACD). 

ne  abaetaty  True.  96  (B  ;  abeaty  CD). 

ne  interbitaty  Most.  1096  (BCD). 

ne  praetirbitdmusy  Poen.  1163  (A  ;  praeterbitay  B). 

utinam  perbitMsy  R.  495  (BCD), 
s     « 

//(r<?/  ^//^r^,  Ps.  254,  baeehiac  (Lipsius  ;  uiuerey  MSS.). 
interminatus  eum  perbitMy  Ps.  778  (BCD). 

5         6 


Interchange  of  Conjugations. 

§  45. — Eighteen  verbs  (and  their  compounds)  show  forms  wavering  between 
two  conjugations,  or  differing  from  the  conjug^ion  usual  in  other  authors. 

(i)  acciptSy  S.  615  ;  perciptty  Men.  921. 

(2)  ciety  pres.  indie,  B.  415. 

conciet  „        „      Merc.  877,  Trin.  399. 
exciet    „        „      Ps.  1285. 
ac<s^iibOy  Mil.  935. 

exciam^  fut.  indie.  Cure.  295. 
pirdhy    „       „       As.  475. 

3       4 

cdnd^ty    „      „       Am.  476. 
5       6 

<c>ibi<j!>y  R.  iioi. 
concias^  As.  824. 


\\ 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 

Indeterminate  forms,  4. 

(3)  cupis,  Cure.  363. 

(4)  faciSy  Am.  555,  baeehiac. 
facity  True.  555,  baeehiac. 

facimiis  ?y  True.  prol.  60  (usually  changed  to  faximus), 
(5)  feruenty  Ps.  840  (BCD,  codd.  Pyladis) ;  but 

feruonty  Ps.  840  (A). 
{6)  fddrturyB.  1 1 59. 

/(fd^rey  Cure.  130,  Most.  380,  Trin.  754. 
ecfddttOy  Men.  156. 
ecfod^rCy  Cas.  455. 

exfodiriy  Mil.  315  (troch.  septen.). 

^xfodiriy  Mil.  374  (iamb,  septen.). 
(7)   gradiovy         3  forms  of  3rd,    o    of  4th,    o  indeterminate. 


69 


adgrediovy  3 
congrediory  2 
degredioTy  o 
egredioTy  20 
ingrediovy  3 
progredior,  10 


») 


» 


» 


»» 


M 


» 


>I 


)> 


)f 


» 


M 


>} 


7 
I 

i(?) 

1(0 

3 


»1 


>f 


)> 


>> 


» 


»1 


16 

8 

o 

II 

6 

o 


If 
i> 
» 
If 
f» 

19 


41  14  41 

adgredhnury  As.  680,  R.  299. 
,      agredibovy  Pers.  15. 

agrediriy  True.  252,  461  (baeehiac). 
adgrediri^ry  Merc.  248,  R.  601. 

/  5       6 

congredi<ri>^  Aul.  248,  colon  end. 

degredircy  Cas.  675  (Bentley  ;  -^r^,  AB). 

egrediriy  Poen.  742  (-/^r,  B ;  see  §  31). 

{ngredi<ri>,  R.  667  (Seyffert),  cretic. 

progrediriy  Cas.  862  (baeehiac). 

progredi<iri>y  Men.  754  (baeehiac). 

prdgredimtndy  Ps.  859. 
456 

(8)  impetro  shows  first  conjugation  forms  about  55  times. 

inpetrttuniy  As.  259  (B). 
I         2 

(9)  /««(?,  -^r^,  20. 

Iduisy  Ps.  10  (ABCD). 
laiiity  Most.  1 1 1  (BCD). 
Iduity  True.  902  (BCD). 
laii^rey  Am.  1102  (Nonius,  metre). 
Doubtful  is  True.  323,  lau^rey  BD ;  cf.  testimony  of  Varro. 


Perfect  forms,  9  ; 


* 


^> 


^  ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 

participle  lautus  ii.    The  supine  is  lauatum  in  Aul.  579.  R-  332  ;  and  lautum  in 
S.  568,  595.    Counted  twice,  2  forms  ;  total  47.     Add  elatii,  pf.,  As.  135,  R.  579- 
(10)  monor,     5  forms  of  3rd,    6  of  4th,     7  indeterminate. 

defuorior,  2       „         „  O         „        O 

emorioTy    2      „        „  I         ,,        o 


If 


If 


9  7  13 

moriri,  5. 
moreirei,  R.  684. 
emoriri,  Ps.  1222. 

(11)  t?/?^,  -^Fr^,  16. 
subolet,  5. 

^/^«/,  subj.,  Most.  278,  Poen.  268,  Frag.  70,  Cornicula. 

praeolaty  subj.,  Mil.  41. 
ol^rCy  Most.  42. 

Indeterminate,  8  (especially  Most.  268  and  278).     Total,  34. 

(12)  phr^rem,  Trin.  316. 
pdr^re,  S.  166. 

pMturam,  Am.  718  (so  Leo,  Lindsay). 

parire,  Vid.  116,  Philargyrius. 

Indeterminate  (exclusive  of  pf.  and  pf.  ppls.),  10. 

(13)  pmuir.  As.  324,  Cure.  170. 
pdt^remur,  Am.  187. 

potiri,  R.  190. 

potirit^r.  As.  916. 
7    8 

Indeterminate,  12. 

(14)  praecellet,  pres.  indie,  Ps.  680 ;  this  verb  occurs  only  here  in  Plautus  ;•> 
other  authors  it  is  of  the  third  conjugation. 

(is)  scatet,  pres.  indie,  Pers.  177  (ABC  ;  scatit,  Leo). 

scatat,  pres.  subj.,  Aul.  558  (Gulielmus;  scatet,  MSS.,  scateat, 

Donatus). 

(16)  sordere,  True.  379. 

s6rd}fr^,  Poen.  11 79,  anap.  septen. 
Add  sdrdebdmus.  True.  381  (A ;  sdrderMus,  reliqui). 

(17)  ixstigibo  sdnguin^m,  E.  188  (iamb,  octon.). 
5678 

sdngtiinem  ixsugdm  procM,  Poen.  6i4(troch.  septen.). 


5  678 

(18)  tmndi,  Capt.  1008,  indeterminate. 

cSntridr,  As.  403,  Pers.  208  (both  at  vs.  end). 
c6ntrd.  As.  124,  523,  Most.  838  (all  at  vs.  end). 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 

intueor,  etc.,  R.  449,  Capt.  557,  True.  599,  B.  11 30. 

tntiidr.  Most.  836. 
7        8 

\intuitur,  Capt.  557  (med.  vs.),  Bentley.] 
ohtiietur,  etc..  Mil.  1271,  Most.  837,  Am.  900,  Most.  840. 
optu^re,  B.  66%,  Most.  69  (med.  vs.). 


71 


Active  and  Deponent  Forms. 

■ 

§  46.— Seventy-six  verbs  show  forms  wavering  between  active  and  deponent 
or  differing  from  the  forms  usual  in  other  authors.  The  discussion  in  Langen, 
Beitrdge,  pp.  59-68,  is  confessedly  only  a  supplement  to  a  list  given  by  Brix  in  his 
note  on  Mil.  172  ;  but,  even  when  taken  together,  these  two  lists  are  incomplete. 
In  the  following  account  strict  alphabetical  order  is  departed  from  occasionally  for 
the  sake  of  bringing  together  scattered  forms. 

(i)  abusa,  passive  (so  Nonius),  As.  196. 

(2)  adsentio,  R.  975. 
adsentianty  Am.  824. 

adsentiory  deponent,  Merc.  412. 

(3)  amplectitote,  R.  816. 
ciraimplecte,  As.  696. 
amplexam,  passive.  Mil.  507. 

Deponent,  22. 

(4)  amplexabo,  Poen.  1230  {-bor,  A  only). 

Deponent,  17  (exclusive  of  gerund  and  act.  ppK). 

(5)  indipisces,  Aul.  775. 
indipiscety  As.  279. 
apiscituTy  passive,  Trin.  367. 

apiscor  and  compounds,  deponent,  9  (exclusive  of  ppls.). 

(6)  arbitroy  Merc.  902,  Mil.  561,  Most.  91. 
arbitrabunty  S.  144. 

arbitraremy  Ps.  10 14. 
arbitretiiry  passive,  E.  267. 

Deponent,  Z%. 

(7)  aucupauiy  True.  964. 
aucupety  Mil.  995,  Most.  473. 
auaipemusy  As.  881. 
aucupay  Men.  570. 

aucupatuvy  deponent,  R.  1093  (see  Leo's  note). 


k.    ■    '  ^'  ^''  Js-V. 


72 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


11 


II 


(8)  augura.  Cist.  694. 

(9)  auspicaui,  Pers.  689,  R.  717,  S.  502. 
exauspicauiy  Capt.  766. 
auspicato,  passive,  Pers.  607. 
redauspicandtun,  Capt.  767. 

(10)  bubiilcitarier,  deponent,  Most.  53. 

(11)  clueOy  etc.,  16. 

cliiear,  deponent,  Ps.  918  (ABCD). 

(12)  commentum,   passive,   True.   451  ;     as    a   noun,    postulating   a    passive 

Mil.  241. 

coniniimscor,  deponent,  20. 

(13)  congraecem,  B.  743. 

pergraecetnr,  B.  813,  True.  '^T,  b. 
pergraecere,  Poen.  603. 
pergraecaminiy  Most.  22,  64. 
pergraecari.  Most  960. 

(14)  contemplo,  11. 

contemplor.  Most.  831. 
contemplahor^  Cist.  702. 
contemplemur,  Pers.  548. 
contemplariery  Poen.  11 29. 
Cf.  Most.  831,  C//  qiiicquid  magis  contemplor  (MSS.)  tanto  magis  placet,  and 
Pers.  564,  Edepol  qui  quom  Iianc  magis  contemplo  (BCD)  magis  placet. 

(15)  copulas,  Poen.  343. 
copulat,  Poen.  655. 
copulariy  passive,  E.  401. 

copulantur,  deponent,  Aul.  116. 

(16)  criminaret,  Ps.  493. 

criminatusty  deponent,  B.  783. 

(17)  amctasy  Cas.  792. 

(18)  deluctauiy  Trin.  839. 
luctauimusy  Vid.  102,  Nonius. 

deluctari,  deponent,  Pers.  4. 

(19)  despicataniy  passive,  Cas.  189. 

despicatuvy  deponent,  Cas.  186. 

(20)  exorsa,  passive,  B.  350. 

(21)  expectOy  38. 

expectoTy  deponent,  Trin.  675  (BCD). 

(22)  intricatum,  passive,  Pers.  457. 

extricabovy  deponent,  E.  152. 

(23)  perfabricauity  Pers.  781. 

fabricaminiy  Cas.  488. 
fabricarey  As.  102,  B.  693. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS  73 

(24)  fabuleniy  Mil.  371,  443. 
fabulare.  True.  182,  830. 

fabuloVy  5 1  ;  confabuloVy  3. 

(25)  fierey  Mil.  1218  (B  \fiere<t>y  Bergk  ;  cf.  Ennius  Ann.  8,  fiert), 

(26)  fluctuaty  Merc.  890,  R.  303. 
fiuctuarCy  R.  903. 

(27)  fraudOy  defr{a)udOy  etc.,  15. 

frausiis  sity  As.  286. 
7  8 

* 

{2%^  frustranty  B.  548. 

frustrariy  passive,  B.  548. 

frustratuvy  Am.  830,  As.  727. 
frustraminiy  Most.  589« 
frustrariery  Cure.  331. 
defriistratuVy  Most.  944. 

(29)  adgrediasy  True.  252  (BCD  ;  adgrediriy  A  and  editors). 
congrediasy  E.  543  (Nonius  ;  congrediaVy  B). 

gradior  Siud  compounds,  deponent,  91. 

(30)  ^CjCP'orKjty^aty  As.  512  (Acidalius). 

hortovy  II. 
dehor t or y  2. 

(31)  insectabity  Capt.  593,  Poen.  528. 

insectatury  Cas.  662. 

insectarery  R.  843. 

insectatus  esty  Capt.  549. 

insectatum  essCy  Capt.  552. 

(32)  M^ry  R.  1242  ;  cf.  above,  §  35. 

5      6 

(33)  licuity  Mil.  680,  S.  540. 

licitumsty  Am.  617,  As.  152,  Cist.  227,  E.  177,  Men.  589,  Trin. 

566  ;  est  licitufHy  Men.  599. 

(34)  litigasy  Cas.  317,  Poen.  798. 
litigatiSy  R.  1060. 
litigant y  As.  914. 

litigariy  deponent,  Merc.  421. 

(35)  lubtiity  E.  698,  699,  Ps.  348,  R.  587. 

lubitum  esty  9.    . 

est  lubitum y  As.  711. 

lubitum  erity  As.  iio.  •* 

conlubitumsty  5. 

conlubitum  siety  Am.  858. 


74 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


(^6)  ludificas,  etc.,  12. 
deludificauit^  R.  147. 
ludificor,  passive,  14. 

ludificor,  deponent,  15. 
deliidificatiist.  Most.  1033,  1035. 
diidificatiist,  Most.  1040. 

(37)  medicahOy  Most.  387. 

medicari,  Merc.  951. 

(38)  meditdbo\r\  me  dd,  S.  306. 
meditati  siinty  passive,  Ps.  941. 
meditatum  „        Trin.  817. 
meditatam  „        Mil.  903. 

meditor,  deponent,  1 1. 

(39)  mendicasy  Am.  1032. 
men  dice  t,  B.  508. 
mcndicarey  Most.  230. 

mendicdrh'r,  Capt.  prol.  13,  Vid.  no,  Nonius. 

(40)  mereOy  and  compounds,  47. 

Passive,  mereor  and  compounds,  8  ;  promeritiim,  noun,  Pers.  496,  pre- 
supposes a  passive. 

mereor  and  compounds,  deponent,  23. 

(41)  minitaSy  Capt.  743. 
minitabas,  Am.  frag,  v,  Nonius. 

fninitor,  19. 

(42)  miseret  and  other  active  forms,  17.     In  True.  223,  ABCD  unite  in  reading 

miseriri  nds^  but  this  must  be  changed  to  misercr^  nds,  colon  end  of  iamb,  septen. 
34  34 

se  miseratury  E.  534. 

miserantur,  Vid.  ill.  Nonius. 

miseritumsty  Trin.  430. 

me  miserer^  R.  197. 

misereriy  Cist.  457  (this  verse  is  in  A  only). 

misereri,  Ps.  378  (ABCD). 

(43)  morigerOy  Am.  981. 

morigerariy  Capt.  198. 

(44)  mnneranty  Mil.  715. 
mimeremy  Mil.  691,  695. 
muneraSy  Capt.  935. 

(45)  nequeoy  neque  queOy  etc.,  approximately  54  ;  non  queOy  28.     Of  these  note 

ut  nequitur  contprimiy  R.  1 064  ; 
retrain  nequitur y  Frag.  112,  Saturio,  Festus  ; 
nee  subigi  queantury  Pers.  194  ;  cf.  Capt.  219,  R.  11 13,  queant 
with  deponent  infinitives . 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


75 


(46)  nictOy  Men.  613. 
nictety  As.  784. 
nictenty  Merc.  407. 

(47)  nutricOy  Mil.  715. 
niitricarey  Merc.  509. 

(48)  oboriunt[ur]y  S.  165  (Lindsay). 

oboriuntury  Cure.  309. 

(49)  obsonOy  15. 
obsonatumsty  etc.,  passive,  6. 

obsonariy  deponent,  Aul.  295. 
obso7iattisty  S.  681. 

(so)  odiy  Capt.  328,  Most.  181,  R.  920,  Trin.  600. 

6sa  S2im  optucricry  Am.  900. 
3  456 

(51)  opinoy  B.  18  (Nonius),  487  (Spengel),  511  (Weise),  Cas.  541  (Bothe),  E.  259 

(Bothe),  Pers.  343  (Lindsay),  Poen.  1169  (Bothe,  Gulielmus),  1268  (Bothe),  Trin. 

422  (Acidalius). 

opinory  Sy. 
opinarey  Capt.  619. 
opinabary  Pers.  257. 
opinatt'is  ffdy  Am.  186. 
opinerey  Poen.  527.     Total  100. 

Opinor  at  verse  end    .  .  .  .19 

at  colon  end  .  .  .21  (5  before  vowels.) 

before  main  caesura  .  .      20  (4      „  »       ) 

before  consonants  elsewhere  .      18 

before  vowels  elsewhere       .  .        9 


»> 


» 


)) 


87  (18  before  vowels.) 

Lindsay  says  {Ancient  Editions  of  PlautuSy  p.  106,  footnote)  "  In  fact  we  may  be 
said  to  be  more  certain  that  Plautus  used  opino  . .  .  than  that  he  used  opinor  {eg,y 
Bacch.  155)"  He  is  arguing  from  metrical  considerations,  and  not  from  MS. 
traditions.    Briefly,  the  facts  are  these  :— 

opino  must  be  read  in  9  out  of  96  instances. 

opinor     „      ,,     „       13    »     »  9^        >» 
Either  form  is  possible,  metrically,  in  74. 

(52)  pacisccy  B.  2^66y  870,  871. 

packisty  etc.,  passive,  9  ;  compectOy  noun,  Capt.  489,  Ps.  540. 
pactdsy  deponent,  Ps.  226. 
pacisciy  B.  865,  Ps.  226. 
Note  the  use  of  this  verb  as  deponent  in   B.  865   by   Chrysalus,   and   as 
active,  in  the  very  next  line,  by  Nicobulus. 


76  ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 

(S3)  palpatur,  Merc.  169. 
palpabitur,  Am.  507. 
expalpdbitur,  Vid.  115,  Nonius. 
subpalpdrt^r^  Mil.  prol.  106. 

(54)  participate  Cist.  165. 
participant e  S.  33. 
participabo,  Pers.  757. 
participauerity  Mil.  263. 

participariy  deponent,  True.  748. 

(55)  pctrtiani,  As.  271,  Mil.  707. 
partite^  Am.  1035. 

(56)  perscrutaui,  Aul.  657. 

perscrutabor,  Aul.  620. 
perscrutatus  es,  Aul.  653. 
scrutariy  Aul.  651. 

(57)  est  philosophatum,  passive,  Ps.  687. 

philosophatur^  Capt.  284,  Ps.  974. 
philosophariy  Merc.  147. 

(58)  placiiit,  Poen.  1371,  S.  762. 

est  placituniy  Am.  635. 
complacitumsty  Am.  prol.  106,  R.  187. 

(59)  populabo.  Frag.  75,  Faeneratrix,  Diomedes. 

(60)  potiuit,  Am.  178. 
compotiuity  R.  911. 

/(^/wr,  deponent,  15. 
compotita  suffiy  R.  205 ,  b. 

(61)  praedatum  irier,  R.  1242,  passive,  or  is  />/>^  deponent }  see  above,  §  35. 

praedatus,  etc.,  deponent,  Pers.  608,  66^^  Ps.  11 38,  R.  1316. 

(62)  praisagibat,  Aul.  178. 

praesdgitiir,  B.  679. 

(63)  praeuorto,  Mil.  653. 
praeuortere^  Ps.  293. 
praeuortisse^  Am.  528. 

praeuortor,  etc.,  14. 

(64)  proficisco^  Mil.  1329  (BC). 

proficiscor,  etc.  (not  including  ppls.),  17. 

(65)  /«^^,  Cas.  887. 
puduity  As.  71. 

puditumsty  B.  379,  Cas.  878. 

(66)  ruranty  Capt.  84. 

(67)  sciscitare,  Merc.  386. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


77 


(68)  J^r//,  Cas.  395,413. 

sortitOy  passive,  Merc.  1 36,  b. 

sorttdvy  Cas.  298,  342. 
(69)  est  stiptdatusy  Ps.  1069. 
stipulariy  Cure.  473. 
stipulariery  Ps.  1076. 

(70)  susptcoy  Men.  io8i(BiCDi). 
suspiceSy  Cas.  394  (Pylades). 

suspicoVy  etc.,  25. 

ft 

(71)  /^^^<?,  Cas.  frag.,  Cledonius. 

taesumsty  Most.  316. 

(72)  tumultuaSy  Mil.  172. 
tutmiltueSy  R.  629,  638. 

tunmltuariy  Poen.  525. 

(73)  tutetiSy  Merc.  865. 
tutantury  passive,  Am.  651. 

/«/^r,  etc.,  8. 

(74)  uagaSy  Mil.  424. 

uagentuVy  Pers.  319. 

(75)  M^;^^^,  etc.,  12. 

ueneary  Frag.  Fab.  Inc.  44,  Diomedes. 

«^«m,  Pers.  577  (BCD).     Cf.  R.  1242  (above,  §  35). 

(76)  uenerOy  B.  173. 
tieneremy  True.  476. 

ueneroVy  etc.,  6. 

Vowels  and  Diphthongs. 

§  47. —  Variation  in   Vowels  and  Diphthongs. 

Only  a  few  instances  can  be  given  here. 

uenireney  Merc.  452  (uenire  ncy  MSS.). 

s^ruiriny  Men.  795  (BCD). 

exicasy  R.  122  (Turnebus ;  exigaSy  B). 

uocent^uacenty  Cas.  527  (MSS.),  in  a  pun;   cf.  the  adjective  uociuoSy  Cas. 

596  (A). 

uorroy  S.  375  (A)  ;  reuorram  (ABCD)  quod  conuerri  (ABCD),  S.  389 ;  forms 

with  ue-y  S.  351,  R.  845. 

uortoy  etc.,  e.g  R.  165  (BCD),  1400  (BCD),  S.  402  (ABCD),  414  (ABCD). 

uotOy  17  ;  uetOy  9. 

exolatunty  Merc.  593  (B),  Most.  597  (A),  Ps.  1035  (B),  Trin.  535  (A) ;  exulatum. 


I: 


78 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


Merc.  981. 

exsorgite,  E.  733  (A). 

dbstolerasy  Aul.  635  (BDE). 

desuluerunt,  R.  prol.  75  (MSS.) ;  insidiamus,  Mil.  279  (BCD). 

sacriificare,  etc.,  e.g.  Capt.  290  (MSS.),  862  (MSS.),  R.  132  (C). 

suhnipui,  -U'  at  least  19  times. 

defrudo,  etc.,  9  ;  frmido,  7. 

(ii)     Diphthongs. 

exquaero,  Aul.  800  (Priscian),  Ps.  450  (A),  S.  107  (B) ;  possibly  also,  for  sake 
of  assonance,  in  Capt.  251,  293. 

admoeniui,  Cist.  540  (MSS.);  admoenire,  Ps.  384  (A),  585  (BCD);  mot'niti, 
Capt.  254  (BDEJ);  mo<C>ni^ndiSy  True.  310  (BCD);  moenitum,  B.  926  (B) ; 
mi\niUhn,  E.  530  (MSS.) ;  cf.  Pers.  553,  554,  559,  Mil.  223,  228. 

ausculOy  etc.:  B.  478  {ausmltantem,  A),  897  {auscultatur,  BCD),  Cas.  133 
(Muller,  to  bring  out  the  pun),  Merc.  571  (CD  ;  auscultare,  B),  575  (BCD).     Note 

Cas.  133: — 

Unde  auscultdre/i?jj/.f,  quom  ego  illam  ausculer. 

The  diphong  -ei.     The  testimony  of  A  on  this  point  is  of  varying  value. 

(1)     In  root  syllables. 

deico  and  its  derivatives,  20  instances,— 14  of  them  in  the  Menaechmi  {deixei, 
Men.  591,  A). 

ekity  Mil.  205  (A). 

eire,  etc.,  33.  For  this  word  the  testimony  is  not  so  closely  confined  to  the 
readings  of  A.  In  the  imperative  ei  frequently  appears  as  et,  and  other  similar 
mistakes  occur.  Merc.  749,  «^",  B^  ^^^'»  ^D^ ;  abei,  C,— three  instances  in 
one  verse. 

moreireiy  R.  684  (B). 

poteirier},  As.  916  (potierier,  BDE). 

propeinOy  S.  425  (A). 

snppeiles,  As.  815  (suppelles,  BDEJ). 

ueissey  R.  567  (A). 

ueiuOy  Merc.  471  (A). 

ueiuimiis  ueitalem  aeuom^  Poen.  11 87  (A). 

(ii)    In  final  syllables. 

(a)  Present  Indicative  Active. 
sceis,  etc.,  9 ;  usually  by  testimony  of  A,  but  sometimes  inverted  into  scies 
by  BCD. 

ii^f>,  etc.,  II. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 

{h)  Future  Indicative. 

curabeisy  Merc.  526  (A). 
ibeiSy  Cas.  92  (A). 
orasseiSy  E.  728  (A). 

{c)  Future  Perfect. 

comMi!reiSy  Men.  521  (A). 

5  6 

reudrt^reiSy  Men.  256  (A). 

5  6 

{d)  Present  Subjunctive. 

sets  =^ sis y  Merc.  550  (A),  552  (A),  779  (A). 

\seis  =  si  tiiSy  Merc,  yj^y  A.] 

7ieleiSy  Merc.  775  (A),  vs.  end  (cf.  Pers.  601  uelts  et\ 

(e)  Perfect  Indicative. 

abstineiy  Am.  926  {abstineSy  MSS.). 

adiiexeiy  Merc.  391  (A). 

dedeiy  Men.  535  (A). 

deixeiy  Men.  591  (A). 

duxeiy  Men.  117  (A). 

eineiy  Merc.  500  (A). 

metueiy  Poen.  1378  (A). 

perieiy  S.  497  (A). 

reddideiy  B.  530  (A). 

uideiy  Cist.  547  (VE). 

dixteiy  Merc.  754  (A). 

nosteiy  Men.  294  (A). 

neglexeity  Merc.  %^  (Koch). 

redieit,  Merc.  530  (A). 

(/)  Passive  Forms. 

pergraecamineiy  Most.  22  (BCD). 

sequimineiy  Merc.  782  (A). 

amplexareiy  Poen.  1301  (A). 

dareiy  Merc.  771  (A),  778  (A),  R.  1292  (BCD). 

deasciareiy  Mil.  884  (Bugge). 

experireiy  Merc.  769  (A). 

frimisceiy  R.  1012  (A). 

moderareiy  Pers.  297  (A). 

moreireiy  R.  684  (B). 

prSldquei,  Men.  252  (A). 
5  6 


79 


Ii 


So 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


Consonants. 


§  48. —  Variation  in  Consonants. 

Here,  also,  it  is  possible  to  list  only  a  few  instances. 

rec<ic^ltisit^  Capt.  918. 

aussini,  Merc.  301  (A). 

demisserOf  R.  791  (A). 

excissos,  Most.  826  (A). 

tncusseSy  Most.  713  (A) ;  accusites,  Most.  712  (A). 

pertussum,  Ps.  369  (BCD  ;  -.r-,  A). 

qjiaesso,  Men.  230  (A),  Ps.  1322  (A),  Vid.  39. 

uisso,  Ps.  1063  (A). 

uisse,  E.  712  (B),  True.  198  (BCD). 

Cf.  nssiirae,  Trin.  181  (A). 

nollo,  S.  631  (BC).  720  (BCD),  734  (BCD). 

narauisti,  Vid.  70. 

7iarem,  True.  722  (BCD). 

dispennitCy  Mil.  1407  (Nonius). 

disteiinite,  Mil.  1407  (Meursius). 

Cf.  socienno,  Aul.  659  (Nonius) ;  tmne,  True.  62  (B). 

neclegere,  Poen.  823  (B) ;  elsewhere  yiegl-,  in  nouns  and  verbs,  7. 

gnatus,  as  ppL,  15  (assonance  with  genere  in  the  same  verse,  4;  with 
progignetur,  i). 

gnosco,  etc.,  at  least  6  times. 

aiioy  see  under  §  43. 

baiiolare,  Merc.  508  (A);  q.1  baiiolnm,  Poen.  1301  (Lowe;  baliolnm,  BCD; 
baioluniy  A). 

mostro,  etc.,  7  ;  add  the  title  Mostellaria, 

loaintnr,  B.  801  (BCD). 

sum  eioqutuSy  Merc.  155  {eloqtiius,  B). 

quoquetur.  Men.  214  {quoq-^  BCD). 

sequntur,  Poen.  1374  (A). 

exsolatum,  Merc.  593  (B). 

extirrexi,  Ps.  1272  (BCD),  R.  915  (BC). 

exicas,  R.  122  (Turnebus ;  exigas,  B). 


Quantity. 

§  49. — /V«^r/  Syllables  in  -t. 
(i)  Final  -«/. 

This  length  is  so  perfectly  certain  that  we  hardly  ought  to  doubt  that  such  a 
passage  as  Pers.  826,  fddebdt  in  lonid  ought  to  be  read  with  -at,  rather  than  with 

s        6  78 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


81 


the  questionable  division  of  the  ictus-part  of  the  foot.  However,  in  the  following 
lists,  I  have  given,  first,  instances  that  admit  of  no  other  explanation  ;  and, 
secondly,  instances  that  might  be  explained  as  division  of  thesis,  syllaba  anceps  at 
colon  end  or  at  change  of  speaker,  etc.,  even  though  I  believe  they  are  better 
explained  as  true  instances  of  archaic  long  vowels. 

Present  Indicative       .       .      6  sure,     8  probable. 
Imperfect      „      .        .        .      2     „        2         „ 
Present  Subjunctive    .        .       i     „        5         „ 


9  15 

Add  ddt,  Men.  loi,  Most.  601  (Lindsay  in  Archiv  L.  L.,  xi.  127). 

(ii)     Final  -et. 

Present  Indicative  .  .12  sure,  16  probable. 

Future  „      .  .  .       i     „  4 

Present  Subjunctive  .  «Si»  4 

Imperfect      „      •  •  .       i     „  3 


If 


Pers.  327  has  dct. 

17 

27 

(iii)     Final  -it. 

Present  Indicative 

.     10  sure. 

4  pi 

•oba 

Future           „ 

I     » 

I 

»} 

Perfect           „ 

.    20    „ 

8 

»» 

Future  Perf.  „ 

0     „ 

I 

}} 

Present  Subjunctive    . 

.      4     « 

3 

»1 

Perfect           „ 

I     „ 

3 

tf 

36 


20 


Of  these  note 

facit  inprob^,   True.  555  (so  Lindsay,  who  makes  the  verse  bacchiac).     Cf. 
facls.  Am.  555,  dindfadmus  (usually  changed  to  faxtmus)^  True.  prol.  60. 

p^rciptt  insdnid,  Men.  921,  troch.  septen.     Cf.  dcdpts,  S.  615. 

5678 

uinibit  uxSr,  Men.  1160,  troch.  septen. 

12         3 

lubitum  ertt  animd.  As.  no,  iamb.  sen.     Cf.  eris,  Trin.  971. 
345 
si  Mt  occdsioy  Capt.  209,  anap.  septen. ;  so  Gotz-Scholl,  but  Leo  and  Lind- 

say  make  the  line  a  troch.  octon.,  with  eHt. 

dbtigerit  heriditds  (future  perfect).  True.  344,  iamb.  sen. 
5  678 

Note,  further,  Poen.  1200,  iamb,  septen., 

Nunc  hinc  sapit,  hinc  s^ntit  quicquid  sap!t  ex, 

s  5 

In  Merc.  530  we  get  rMieit,  iamb,  septen.,  at  vs.  end  however. 


82 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


(i)  Final  -dr. 


§  50. — Final  -or  -ar,  -Is. 


Present  Indicative 
Future 


It 


10  sure,      19  probable. 
O  I 


10 


20 


Of  these  30,  20  are  of  the  first  conjugation,  6  of  the  second,  3  of  the  third, 
and  I  of  the  fourth.  This  uneven  distribution  is  probably  only  accidental,  and 
not  significant 


(ii)  Final  -dr. 

Future  Indicative 
Present  Subjunctive 

(iii)  Final  -is. 

Present  Indicative    . 
Future  „ 

Future  Perfect 
Present  Subjunctive 
Perfect  „ 

Of  these  note 


I  sure,     6  probable. 


3    » 


>i 


3  sure, 

I 

2 

3 
2 


I  probable. 


I» 


»» 


3 

3 
o 

2 


I) 


II 


dccipfs  habeas  tibi,  S.  615,  troch.  septen.     Qi.percipit,  Men.  921. 

quSdaipis  effJcerS,  Cure.  363,  troch.  septen.     Cf.  aipiret,  Lucretius  i.  ^2, 

fads  nt  tids,  Am.  555,  bacchiac  verse.     Cf  facit,  True.  555  (bacchiac,  and 

fadmus.  True,  pro!.  60  (ptfaxfmus  ?). 

4 

thnquam  erfs  auro  huic  qiiicUm,  Trin.  971,  troch.  septen.     Cf  erfL  As.  1 10  fand 
5678  ^ 

eris?,    #     Ubi,  As.  no). 
curdbeis,  Merc.  526  (A). 
ibeis,  Cas.  92  (A). 

ordsseisy  E.  728  (A). 

4 

comid^reis.  Men.  521  (A). 

5  6 

reudrarets  (fut.  pf),  Men.  256  (A). 

5  6 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


§  51- — Flerem,  fui,  etc. 


83 


/teres, 

at  vs. 

end. 

Trin.  644. 

fierety 

f> 

II 

•Am.  487,  B.  788. 

fierent 

}) 

II 

Capt.  998,  Poen.  jZZ, 

fieri 

It 

11 

20. 

calefieri 

It 

If 

E.  655  (as  two  words,  BJ). 

interfieri. 

}) 

If 

Trin.  532. 

Total  at  vs.  end,  27 

Am.  ^67 y  fieri,  bacchiac  verse. 

Most.  J 22,  fieri,  cretic  verse. 

Poen.  10^6,  fieri,  iamb.  sen. 

3 
Total  medio  uersu,  3. 

In  Aul.  40s  we  geifldt ;  Merc.  844  ftdt  or  flit  \  Mil.  492//'^'/  (B) ;  Mil.  595, 

6  8  8.6 

ftdt,  A  {fiiam,  B^CD) ;  Trin.  594  flat,  D  {fuat,  BC) ;  Aul.  426  fiat  (BD) ;  Ps.  1029 

6  6 

fldnt(al\  but  B,  which  hdisfuatit) ; — but  these  are  all  changed  to  fuat  01  fuant  by 

6 

editors,  to  avoid  the  scansion /^^(;/)^.    Cf  B.  155,  156,  fiam  ut ,  .  .ffidin  ;  Merc.  446, 

z  6 

700,  Pers.  479,  and  below,  §  58  (vi). 
fui,  R.  217  bis  (troch.  octon.). 
fui,  R.  1389  (troch.  septen.). 
ffiit,  Capt.  555  (troch.  septen.). 
frdt,  Pers,  168  (anap.  octon.). 
fuit,  R.  1 105  (troch.  septen.). 
fiilmus,  Capt.  262  (troch.  septen.). 

7       8 

fflertiftt,  B.  1087  (anap.  septen.). 
ftiMt,  fut.  pf,  As.  782  (iamb,  septen.). 

5        6 

ftiMm,  Mil.  1364  (troch.  septen.). 

7      8 

fiiMnt,  Poen.  prol.  1 10  (iamb.  sen.). 

s       6 

fiiisse.  Mil.  ^^6  (troch.  septen.). 

s 

Note  Capt.  555,  fuit  dtque  is  pr6fuit. 

56  78 

§  52. — Miscellaneous  Quantity, 

-erunt  or  -^runt,  see  §  9. 

tero,  see  §  14. 

-/-  in  future  perfect,  see  §  18. 

-/-  in  perfect  subjunctive,  see  §  26. 

face,  comminiscere,  see  §  29. 


lilUiii>i*l'Jt<t     U  JHk_.  jLlm.      Ulial  illlk..   iilUiyM 


84 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


fingere,  etc.,  see  §  30. 

uinhniis.  Cure.  438.     Cf.  Jacobsohn,  p.  5. 
3       4 

dts,  etc.,  see  §  43. 

On  the  measurement  of  compounds  of  iacio  in  Plautus,  see  M.  W.  Mather, 
Harvard  Studies  VI,  130-132. 

institni,  Most.  86,  bacchiac  verse. 
plu^rdt,  Men.  6'^^  prol. 

5        6 

prbfitM,  Men.  643  ;  prdfltitur,  Capt.  480. 

4 

pr6fectu<jru^s^  Trin.  149. 


riuorttnitni.  Am.  689. 


Syncopation,  etc. 


§  53-— lurigo,  porrlgo,  purigo,  etc. 
(i)     lurtgo, 

iiirigdndumst,  Merc.  119  (B). 

obiitr<i^gem,  Trin.  ^%  (Ritschl). 
5  6 

obiur<f>ghn,  Trin.  70  (Ritschl). 
5  6 

obinr<X>gdre,  Merc.  46  (Ritschl). 
I  3 

In  B.  1020  we  may  read  Me  obiiir<X>gduit  (Ritschl),  or  JA<^/>  obiurgduit 

(MSS.).  I  a  I  a 

The  syncopated  forms  are  found  six  times:— Am.  706,  Cure.  171,  Mere.  321, 
322,  Trin.  96,  680. 

(ti)     Porrigo. 

pdrgey  Ps.  708  (proge,  A  ;  por  r/-,  B). 
3 

pdrge,  Merc.  883  (Leo,  Lindsay  ;  porrige,  MSS.). 

pdrgite,  E.  733  (Gotz ;  purgite.  A). 

4 

expdrgi,  Ps.  prol.  i  (A). 

z 

(iii)    Purtgo. 

pnr<r:>gds,  Merc.  738  (Ritschl). 

5  6 

ptir<r>gdnt,  Aul.  753  (Ritschl). 

7  8 

expi'ir<X>gdbo,  Cist.  304  (Ritschl). 

Z  3 

expiir<X>gh,  Mil.  497  (Ritschl). 

5  6 

expiir<r>gdre,  Capt.  620  (Ritschl). 


I 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS  85 

expur<f>gdre.  Cist.  453  (Studemund). 

6  7 

expur<i>gdre,  Mil.  497  (Ritschl). 

expur<r>gdre,  Mil.  517  (Ritschl). 
I  3 

perptir<J>gdtis  . .  .  atMbiis,  Mil.  774  (Fleckeisen). 
3  4  78 

Cf.  expur<X>gdti6nem,  Am.  965  (Ritschl),  Merc.  960  (Ritschl). 
3  34 

The  syncopated  forms,  are  found  six  times  :— Am.  909,  946,  Aul.  791,  Cas.  944, 
Cist.  302,  Poen.  1410.     KM  purgttdns.  Cist.  384  (Nonius). 

S  6 

(iv)     Surripui,  reccidi,  repperi,  reppuli,  rettuli,  see  §  16. 

(v)     cauisse,  dissyllabic,  B.  1017  ;  trisyllabic.  Am.  944. 
obliuiscefidi,  quadrisyllable  {pbliscendi,  Leo),  Mil.  1359  (BCD). 

Compounds. 

§  54« — Compounds  of  faeio. 
(i)    Iambic  shortening  possible. 

cdl^fdcio  and  derivatives,  6. 

commbn^facianiy  S.  63. 

idb^factOy  Mere.  403. 

indd(ffdctatis,  Ps.  184. 
permdd^ficit,  Most.  143. 
pdi^feci,  Most.  1046. 
perpdti^faciam,  S.  85. 

(ii)     Quantity  of  -e-  indeterminate. 

cdndefdcere.  Most.  259. 
f^ruefdciunt,  Ps.  833. 
frigefdctas,  Poen.  760,  R.  1326. 

(iii)    E  shown  to  be  long. 
contabifdcity  Ps.  21. 

5       6 

expergtfdds  Cure.  198. 

perfrigefddt,  Ps.  1215. 
7       8 

putefacit.  Most.  112,  eretie  verse  {putrefacit,  MSS.). 
(iv)    olfactare,  etc.,  Men.  163,  167,  169. 

(v)    compendi  facto  has  been  described  as  a  compound ;  for  this  we  can  list 
compendi  fdc^y  Most.  60  ;  compendi  fki,  Pers.  471 ;  and  compindi  fdcere.  True.  377. 

56  34  13 

On  the  other  hand,/^a^  precedes  compendi  in  4  places,  and  is  otherwise  separated 


•  4 


86  ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 

from  it  in  B.  183,— so  the  two  words  cannot  be  looked  upon  as  making  a 
compound.  The  ace.  compendium  occurs  with  facio  4  times,  and  4  times  with 
other  verbs. 

(vi)    satis  faciat,  Am.  889. 

satis  fecit y  As.  437. 

fecisse  satis,  As.  437. 

facturum  satis.  As.  497. 

(vii)  That  bene  facio  and  male  facio  are  not  true  compounds,  is  shown  not 
only  by  the  failure  of  the  -a-  to  weaken  to  -/-,  but  by  such  expressions  as  bene  quae 
in  me  fecerunty  Am.  \Z\\  facidnt  bH^,  Men.  102 1  ;  bene  et  male  facere,  B.  655  ; 

ad  mali  faciundum,  E.  378,  colon  end  of  iamb,  septen.,  mal^  with  syllaba  anceps. 

Cf.  Trin.  328,  633,  Poen.  12 12.— There  are  at  least  40  places  where  the  adverb  does 
not  directly  precede  the  verb.     There  is  a  nest  of  instances  in  True.  465-470. 

The  same  is  true  of  bene  dico  and  male  dico ;  e.g.  TV  potius  bene  dkere 
aiquomst  Mmini  amico  qudm  male,  Trin.  924  (with  this  compare  True.  469, 
Mulieri  nimid  male  fdcere  melius  Spus  est  qudm  ben/)  ;    maleque  dictis,  B.  982 ; 

dicturum  mdU,  Trin.  71.     Add  B.  118,  464.  Ps.  521,  S.  469. 
s  6 

§  55. — Compounds  of  eo. 
(!)  circUmis,  R.  1 40. 

s  6 

drcumit.  As.  742,  True.  407. 

3  4 
circumimus.  Men.  231. 

circumMir,  Cure.  451. 

4  56 
a9c{um)  ire^  Ps.  899. 

(ii)    intro  ire,  and  not  introire,  is  the  prevailing  usage. 

(a)  Such  expressions  as  ite  intro,  ibo  intro,  are  common. 

(b)  Intro  is  frequently  separated  from  the  verb  by  other  words,  and  may 
precede  or  follow  it,  e,g, 

intro  te  ut  eas.  Mil.  1385. 

intro  quin  earn,  Cist.  117.     Similarly,  intro  .  .  .  mittar,  True.  732. 

ite  .  .  .  intro,  Aul.  451. 

ihf  n ,  .  intro,  Am.  II4S- 

(c)  When  intro  directly  precedes  the  verb,  the  -o  is  prevailingly  elided  (not  so 
in  Mil.   1 168,  at  main  caesura).     A  good  instance  is  Merc.   567,  at  verse  end, 

intr{p)  Ms, 
5  6 

{d)    Rarely  the  two  words  seem  to  make  a  compound  : — 

introibis,  or  intro  \  ibis,  B.  907,  Men.  662. 

introieris,  Merc.  570  (read  illo  or  illuc  ?). 

introierit,  Trin.  prol.  10. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


87 


The  instances  are  so  few,  as  compared  with  the  others,  that  it  is  probably 
better  to  think  of  hiatus  here,  than  of  true  compounds. 

§  56. — Miscellaneous. 

animum  aduorto  is  not  a  compound,  for  we  find 

aduorto  preceding  animum,  1 1  times  ; 

animum  separated  from  aduorto,  2  instances :  As.  732,  Animum,  Argyrippe, 
aduorte,  and  Am.  prol.  38,  animum  omnes  quae  loquar  aduortite, 

•  animum  aduorto,  side  by  side  in  this  order,  approximately  42  instances. 

Curious  is  Merc.  \^,  Atque  dduortindum  ad  animum  adht  benignitds.  Trin. 
1046  gives  No7i  hoc  publice  animum  aduorti.  Mil.  39  is  not  included  in  the 
above  enumeration,  for  it  is  not  quite  like  the  rest :  Facdte  adudrtis  tuom  animum 
dd  animiim  metim. 

nequeo,  etc.,  49. 

neque  . .  .  queo,  5. 

ndn  quU,  etc.,  at  vs.  end,  11  {nSnqueS,  as  one  word.  Men.  11 24,  B). 

non  queo,  med.  vs.,  17  {noenum  .  .  .  queo,  Aul.  67-69  ;  cf.  Aul.  74-76). 

distrdxiss/nt  disqu/  tuliss/nt,  Trin.  833,  anap.  octon. 

n^facere  si  uelim  (ne  .  . .  uelim)  },  True.  877. 

super  illi  fuerit,  Cure.  85. 

Tmesis  occurs,  to  a  moderate  extent,  in  other  parts  of  speech  also. 

§  57. — Prepositions  in  Compounds, 

These  would  more  properly  be  treated  under  prepositions  than  here  with 
verbs  ;  a  few  forms  only  will  be  mentioned  now. 

antideo,  B.  1089,  Cas.  225,  Cist.  205,  Pers.  779,  Ps.  933,  Trin.  546. 

apS',  e.g.  Men.  prol.  ^,  166,  476,  833. 

assum,  Capt.  978  (BE),  Poen.  279  (shown  by  pun). 

dehibuisti,  Trin.  426  (AB). 

exbibit.  Mil.  832  {exuiuit,  BD  ;  exiuit,  C). 

exducier,  True.  908  (BCD). 

exferri,  Merc.  423  (B). 

exfodio,  Aul.  709  (BD). 

exfringam.  Mil.  1250  (B). 

exfregisti,  B.  586  (B). 

exloaitds,  Mil.  906  (BCD). 

<iex^migrasti,  Men.  822  (added  from  823,  metri  gratia). 

exmigrasti<^s'^.  Men.  823  (B ;  add.  Acidalius). 

exmouetis,  Ps.  144  (A). 

exmouit,  True.  prol.  78  (BC). 

exuellam.  True.  288  (Scaliger). 


■iiikiiliyliijL 


S8 


ARTHUR  WINFRED  HODGMAN 


indaudio,  etc.,  -d-  in  MSS.,  Capt.  prol.  30,  Merc.  941,  944,  S.  JJ  ;  -d-  shown  by 
metre  only,  Aul.  266,  Mil.  211,  442,  Most.  542. 

ogganianty  As.  422  (B). 

oggerit,  Cist.  70  (B),  True.  103  (BCD). 

oggerunt,  Ps.  812  (BCD). 

praehibeo  or  praeheo  ?     The  evidence  points  clearly  to  pra^htbeo. 

praeiy  monosyllabic,  R.  I33S- 

praeoptauisse,  etc.,  -aeo-  one  syllable,  Capt.  688,  Trin.  648. 

prehendo  or  pre ndo  ?  prehen-  is  needed  metrically  in  9  instances,  and  is  possible 
in  the  remaining  5  or  6  instances  of  this  word. 

susfuror,  True.  566  (BCD). 

susscribaniy  Poen.  800  (BCD). 

sussilitey  Cure.  151  (BEJ). 

sussultas,  Capt.  637  (BE). 

Cf.  sum  manus,  Pers.  450  (BC) ;  add  E.  108,  Merc.  962. 

supterdiixerit,  As.  278  (BD,  separatim). 

supterfugisscy  B.  771  (B,  separatim). 

subter-  in  composition,  Capt.  970,  Men.  449,  Merc.  195,  Mil.  343. 

subter  as  a  preposition  is  not  found  in  Plautus. 

iramittas^;^,  155  (AB-),  463  (AB). 

trauolauerunty  E.  35  (B). 

trauorsis,  Pers.  444  (codd.  Lambini  et  Scaligeri). 

trans-  in'composition,  8. 

trans  as  a  preposition,  twice  only :  Merc.  354,  trans  mare  asportet,  and  Mil.  468, 
transtinet  trans  parietem. 

Miscellaneous. 

§  58. — Miscellaneous   Verb  Forms, 
(i)    'Please.' 

siaudes,  Poen.  757,  Trin.  244. 

sodes,  B.  837,  Men.  545,  Pers.  318,  Trin.  562. 

audeo^  to  be  willing,  12. 

sis,  parenthetical,  approximately  129  instances  (Merc.  'JTJ,  seis,  A). 

sis  =  si  uiSf  but  not  used  parenthetically.  As.  309,  sis  subuenire  ,  .  .  adest,  and 
As.  683,  sis  sospitare  ,  ,  ,  da, 

sultisy  13  ;  in  Ps.  1334  it  is  not  used  parenthetically,  but  governs  adplaudere 
(so  Hermann, — sed  tioltis,  MSS.). 

amabo,  used  by  a  woman,  91  instances ;  used  by  a  man,  9  (.?). 

(ii)    Voice. 

On  coepta,  nequittir,  licitumst,  etc.,  see  §  12.     On  certain  participles,  see  §  36. 

meditdbor  [///^]  dd,  or  meditdbo\f\  me  dd,  S.  306. 

45  45 

se  conuortitur,  Am.  238  (Nonius)  ;  te  conuortes,  R.  999. 


VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 


89 


(iii)    Varia. 

domi  domains,  Men.  105  (so  Lindsay,  CI.  Rev.  xii.  232  ;  domitus  MSS.). 

ma-m-ma-madere,  Most.  319,  331  ;  cf.  R.  528-538,  as  given  by  Sonnenschein. 

nefacereSy  Ps.  437  (D). 

nefacere,  True.  877  {re  facere,  BC) ;  cf.  §§  42  ad  fin.,  56  ad  fin. 

neparcunty  Most.  124  (B^D). 

recharmida,  Trin.  977  (MSS. ;  see  Leo's  note). 

tua  refecerisy  Capt.  296  ;  cf.  Men.  661,  Capt.  959. 

spicity  Mil.  694  (ABCD) ;  specimen  specitur,  B.  399  (BCD),  Cas.  516  (BVE). 

(iv)     Puns. 

Puns   and   assonance    are    very    frequent;    only  a    few    examples   can  be 

quoted  here. 

Cure.  553,  554,  uaky  aegrota ;  cf.  True.  259,  260,  salue.,  aegrotare  malim. 

Ps.  273,  Quid  agitur?  #  Amatur  atque  egetur  acriter  \  cf.  Ps.  457,  Pers.  208. 

Cure.  314,  Facite  uentum  ut  gaudeam. 

Mil.  33,  34  auribus  Per<Ji>aurienda  ;  cf.  B.  276,  audi,  hand  au{t)dL 

Poen.  279,  Assum  apud  te  eccum.   #  At  ego  elixus  sis  nolo, 

R.  1224-1226,  infelicety  Itcentiay  Itcet.     The  matter  of  quantity  must  not  be 

pressed  in  Latin  puns.     Cf.  Curtius  Rufus,  10.  9.  4  <;^/f^^«//,  with  probable  reference 

to  Caligula. 

Two  more  may  be  mentioned,  Aul.  635,  tibiy  and  Aul.  737,  754,  illam, 

(v)     Syntax. 

Fortasse,  ilicety  scilicet  and  uidelicety  though  they  show  no  aberration  in  form 
have  the  peculiarity  of  appearing  occasionally  with  distinct  verbal  function, 
governing  an  infinitive,  or  taking  an  accusative  of  limit  of  motion.     So  are  found  : — 

fortasscy  As.  36,  B.  frag,  xxi,  E.  296,  Merc.  782,  Poen.  1004,  True.  680 ; 
otherwise  used,  14  instances. 

ilicety  Capt.  90,  469  ;  otherwise  used,  7  times. 

scilicety  As.  787,  Cure.  263,  Ps.  1179,  R.  39S  ;  otherwise  used,  10  (11?) 
instances. 

uidelicety  As.  599,  S.  555»  557  ;  otherwise  used,  3  times. 

(vi).— Parallel  or  similar  forms  occur  frequently  in  the  same  verse,  or  in  close 
connection  one  with  another.  The  following  list  is  grouped  roughly  to  show 
related  matters. 

Men.  1009,  defendant  et  subuenibo, 

Merc.  546,  recolam  et  seruibo, 

Pers.  1 5 ,  congrediar . . .  adgredibor. 

Mil.  1 365-67,  scibis . . .  scies.     . 

Pers.  218-19,  scies . . .  scibis. 

Mil.  I ^6^ y facies ,,, scibis, 

B.  848-49,  faxo . .  ,fecero. 


90  VERB  FORMS  IN  PLAVTVS 

Frag.  Jj,  Fretum,  fecero . .  .faxa, 

Poen.  iigiyfaciet,,.faxo, 

Capt.  695,  /axis . .  .feceris, 

Aul.  788-89,  faxint . .  .faciant. 

S.  149,  celabo . . .  celassis. 

Merc.  658,  dixisti,, . dixti. 

Capt.  703,  704,  uotuin . . .  uota\  Jf//. 

B.  ^6^-66y  pacisci . .  .pacisce, 

Cas.  186-89,  despicatur., .  ^^^^/  despicatatn, 

Cas.  ^yj-y^ypudeo . .  .pudet. 

Most.  468,  dttigdtis  .  tdngit^. 

True.  276,  attigas . . .  tangam, 
R.  124,  ^/r^.  :^  ^/^. 

3  4 

Mil.  881,  monerier .. .  commoner i. 

True.  753,  experiri. .  ,experiri<^ery>. 

Men.  341,  sit..,sieL 

Trin.  694,  j/V . . .  j^/. 

E.  574-75,  J// . . .  xfW. 

Trin.  prol.  6,  j/V«  . . .  j/>/. 

Pers.  237,  J/ J . . .  stem. 

R.  1 38 1,  sis .,, stem. 

Poen.  1200,  j«/f/ . . .  saplft, 

Capt.  555,  ///// . .  .prof flit. 

Men.  308,  habes  ( =  habitas) . . .  habitant. 

From  Proceedings  of  the  American  Philological  Association,  Sept.  1904,  p.  xl, 
Dr.  M.  C.  Welles,  I  quote  True.  265-66  loqui , . .  dico,  and  Am.  1089-91,  dicere . . . 
loquere.  To  Dr.  Welles'  list  of  instances  in  Plautus  oifuturum  or  fore  parallel  with 
some  form  of  fio  (ibid.  pp.  xxxviii,  xxxix)  add  the  following  finite  forms  : — 

B.  i<i^-^6yfiam ..,fuam, 
Merc.  446,  fuit . .  ,fiet, 
Merc.  700,  fiet . .  ,fuit, 
Pers.  ^y%fiet\,  .fuit. 

Arthur  Winfred  Hodgman. 

Ohio  State  University,  Columbus, 
April  10,  1906. 


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der  lateinischen  Sprache.  Second  edition. 
8vo.     Leipzig,  1881.     Sd.     (6«.)  3«. 

1092  VELASTUS  (T.  8.)  *  De  litterarum  Grae- 

carum  pronuntiatione.  4to.  Romae,  1751. 
Hf.  bd.    With  bookplate  of  Samuel  Parr. 

3«. 

1093  VICTORIUS(P.)  Variarum  et  antiquarum 

lectionitmlibrixxxviii  ;  quibu»  veterum  turn 
graecorum  tum  latinorum  loci  aut  emen- 
dantur  aut  eKplicantur.  Nova  editio  cum 
indicibus.  Thick  12mo.  Argentorati,  1609. 
Veil.     Rev.  John  Mitford's  copy.  5«. 

1094  VIGERUS    (F.)    De    praecipuis    graecae 

dictionis  idiotismis.  Cum  animadvers.  H. 
Hoogeveeni,  J.  C.  Reunii  et  G.  Hermanni, 
Editio  IV.     8vo.     1834.     CT.    (9s.)  3«. 

1095  VISCHER  (W.)    Erinnerungen    und    Ein- 

drucke  aus  Griechenland.  8vo.  Basel, 
1857.     Sd.  2«  6d. 

1096  VOIGT    (G.)    Die     Wiederbelebung     des 

classischen  Alterthums,  oder  das  erst« 
Jahrhundert  des  Humaliismus.  ihird 
edition,  by  Max  Lehnerdt.  2  vols.  8vo. 
Berlin,  1893.     Sd.     (£1.)  10».  6d. 

1097  VOLLGRAFF  (J.   C.)    Studia  Palaeogra- 

phica.  8vo.  Lugd,  Bat.,  1870.     Sd.    U.  6d. 


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fbel  with  us  real  .satisfaction  that  so  important  a  work  .should  have  fallen  into  such  competent  hands." 

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